View source for Bail Consequences Upon Alleged Misconduct

{{Currency|January 2020}}
{{LevelZero}}
{{HeaderBailBreach}}
==General Principles==
{{seealso|Arrest Warrants for Accused Persons#Process Once Arrested}}

The term "revocation" refers to the "process of dealing with alleged misconduct of an accused on judicial interim".<ref>
{{CanLIIRP|Rhodes|g1p2d|2013 MBQB 248 (CanLII)|297 Man R (2d) 114}}{{perMBQB|Mainella J}}{{atL|g1p2d|1}}
</ref>

; Application of Bail Procedure
{{quotation2|
524<br>
{{removed|(1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6) and (7)}}
; Provisions applicable to proceedings under this section
(8) The provisions of sections 516 to 519 {{AnnSec5|516 to 519}} apply with any modifications that the circumstances require in respect of any proceedings under this section, except that subsection 518(2) {{AnnSec5|518(2)}} does not apply in respect of an accused who is charged with an offence mentioned in section 469.

{{removed|(9) and (10)}}
R.S., {{LegHistory80s|1985, c. C-46}}, s. 524; 
{{LegHistory90s|1999, c. 3}}, s. 33;
{{LegHistory10s|2019, c. 25}}, s. 234.
{{Annotation}}
|[{{CCCSec|524}} CCC]
|{{NoteUp|524|8}}
}}

===Revoke or Cancel Release on Other Charges===
{{quotation2|
524<br>
{{removed|(1) and (2)}}
; Cancellation
(3) The judge or justice who hears the matter shall cancel a summons, appearance notice, undertaking or release order in respect of the accused if the judge or justice finds that
:(a) the accused has contravened or had been about to contravene the summons, appearance notice, undertaking or release order; or
:(b) there are reasonable grounds to believe that the accused has committed an indictable offence while being subject to the summons, appearance notice, undertaking or release order.

{{removed|(4), (5), (6), (7), (8) (9) and (10)}}
R.S., {{LegHistory80s|1985, c. C-46}}, s. 524; 
{{LegHistory90s|1999, c. 3}}, s. 33;
{{LegHistory10s|2019, c. 25}}, s. 234.
{{Annotation}}
|[{{CCCSec|524}} CCC]
|{{NoteUp|524|3}}
}}

; Burden Standard of Proof
The standard of proof under s. 524 is on proof of "reasonable ground" while under s. 524(b) is on proof of balance of probabilities.<ref>
{{CanLIIRx|Garnier|hpgff|2017 NSSC 102 (CanLII)}}{{perNSSC|Rosinski J}}{{atsL|hpgff|18| to 19}}<br>
</ref>
The burden is upon the Crown.<ref>
{{CanLIIRP|Parsons|27pvj|1997 CanLII 14679 (NL CA)|497 APR 145}}{{perNLCA|Green JA}}{{atL|27pvj|21}}
</ref>

; Effect of Cancellation
{{quotation2|
524
{{removed|(1), (2) and (3)}}
; Detention
(4) If the judge or justice cancels the summons, appearance notice, undertaking or release order, the judge or justice shall order that the accused be detained in custody unless the accused, having been given a reasonable opportunity to do so, shows cause why their detention in custody is not justified under subsection 515(10) {{AnnSec5|515(10)}}.<Br>
{{removed|(5), (6), (7), (8) (9) and (10)}}
R.S., {{LegHistory80s|1985, c. C-46}}, s. 524; 
{{LegHistory90s|1999, c. 3}}, s. 33;
{{LegHistory10s|2019, c. 25}}, s. 234.
{{Annotation}}
|[{{CCCSec|524}} CCC]
|{{NoteUp|524|3|4}}
}}

Once a judge cancels a prior release order, they must make a detention order. No show cause hearing is needed before doing so.<ref>
{{CanLIIRP|Ibrahim|gjvhq|2015 MBCA 62 (CanLII)|327 CCC (3d) 86}}{{perMBCA|Cameron JA}}{{atL|gjvhq|43}}
</ref>

Once cancelled the "second stage" of the 524 process says that the accused must be given reasonable opportunity to show cause as to why his detention should not be justified within the meaning of s. 515(10).<Ref>
{{supra1|Parsons}}{{atL|27pvj|21}}<br>
{{CanLIIRP|Le|1nwd1|2006 MBCA 68 (CanLII)|240 CCC (3d) 130}}{{perMBCA|Hamilton JA}}
</ref>

A 524 detention order is different from a 516 order of remand whereby a 524 detention order does not have a 3 day limit in the same way as a 516 remand order.<ref>
{{supra1|Ibrahim}}{{atsL|gjvhq|49|to 52}}
</ref>

; Section 469 Offences
When an accused is granted bail in relation to any charge of murder (or any s 469 offences) and the accused is subsequently arrested for breach of recognizance, "the superior court has jurisdiction, whether under section 524(4) or under section 521 of the Criminal Code, to revoke the accused's bail on the murder charges”.<ref>
{{ibid1|Wright}}
</ref>

{{reflist|2}}

===Refusal to Cancel Prior Release===
{{quotation2|
524<br>
{{removed|(1), (2), (3) and (4)}}
; Release order
(5) If the judge or justice does not order that the accused be detained in custody under subsection (4) {{AnnSec5|524(4)}}, the judge or justice shall make a release order referred to in section 515 {{AnnSec5|515}}.

; Reasons
(6) If the judge or justice makes a release order under subsection (5) {{AnnSec5|524(5)}}, the judge or justice shall include in the record a statement of the reasons for making the order, and subsection 515(9) {{AnnSec5|515(9)}} applies with any modifications that the circumstances require.

; Release
(7) If the judge or justice does not cancel the summons, appearance notice, undertaking or release order under subsection (3) {{AnnSec5|524(3)}}, the judge or justice shall order that the accused be released from custody.

{{removed|(8), (9) and (10)}}
R.S., {{LegHistory80s|1985, c. C-46}}, s. 524; 
{{LegHistory90s|1999, c. 3}}, s. 33;
{{LegHistory10s|2019, c. 25}}, s. 234.
{{Annotation}}
|[{{CCCSec|524}} CCC]
|{{NoteUp|524|5|6|7}}
}}

{{reflist|2}}

===Reviewing Order===

{{quotation2|
524<br>
{{removed|(1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7) and (8)}}
; Review — order by judge
(9) An order made under subsection (4) {{AnnSec5|524(4)}} or (5) {{AnnSec5|524(5)}} respecting an accused referred to in paragraph (1)(a) {{AnnSec5|524(1)(a)}} is not subject to review except as provided in section 680 {{AnnSec6|680}}.

; Review — order of justice
(10) An order made under subsection (4) {{AnnSec5|524(4)}} or (5) {{AnnSec5|524(5)}} respecting an accused other than the accused referred to in paragraph (1)(a) {{AnnSec5|524(1)(a)}}, is subject to review under sections 520 {{AnnSec5|520}} and 521 {{AnnSec5|521}} as if the order were made under section 515 {{AnnSec5|515}}.

R.S., {{LegHistory80s|1985, c. C-46}}, s. 524; 
{{LegHistory90s|1999, c. 3}}, s. 33;
{{LegHistory10s|2019, c. 25}}, s. 234.
{{Annotation}}
|[{{CCCSec|524}} CCC]
|{{NoteUp|524|9|10}}
}}