View source for Appellate Review of an LTO or DO Designation

{{Currency|January 2017}}
{{HeaderLTODO}}
==Appellate Review==
An accused who is subject to a dangerous offender order may appeal under s. 759(1) on grounds of law, fact, or mixed fact and law. The appeal is different from a sentence appeal. The reviewing court looks at "legal errors and whether the dangerous offender designation was reasonable."<ref>
{{CanLIIRx|Allan|gj42g|2015 BCCA 229 (CanLII)}}{{perBCCA|Savage JA}}{{atL|gj42g|3}}<br>
{{CanLIIRP|Currie|1fr27|1997 CanLII 347 (SCC)|[1997] 2 SCR 260}}{{perSCC|Lamer CJ}}{{atL|1fr27|33}}<br>
</ref>

A dangerous offender designation is reviewable on a standard of reasonableness.<ref>
{{CanLIIRP|Boutilier|grx23|2016 BCCA 235 (CanLII)|336 CCC (3d) 293}}{{perBCCA|D Smith JA}}{{atL|grx23|86}}<br>
{{supra1|Currie}}{{atL|1fr27|33}}<br>
</ref>It is also reviewable on correctness for errors of law.<ref>
{{CanLIIRP|Bragg|gmcvq|2015 BCCA 498 (CanLII)|332 CCC (3d) 145}}{{perBCCA|MacKenzie JA}}{{atsL|gmcvq|19| to 22}}<br>
{{CanLIIRP|Sawyer|gl0zh|2015 ONCA 602 (CanLII)|328 CCC (3d) 523}}{{perONCA|Tulloch JA}}{{atsL|gl0zh|26| to 29}}<br>
</ref>

The appellate court cannot have a "fresh look" at the designation and deference must be paid to the sentencing judge's findings.<ref>
{{supra1|Allan}}{{atL|gj42g|3}}<br>
</ref>

{{reflist|2}}

==Appeal of Finding of Dangerousness==
A finding of "dangerousness" is a finding of fact.<ref>
{{CanLIIRP|Lyons|1ftlw|1987 CanLII 25 (SCC)|[1987] 2 SCR 309}}{{perSCC|La Forest J}}{{atp|364}}<br>
{{CanLIIRP|Boutilier|grx23|2016 BCCA 235 (CanLII)|336 CCC (3d) 293}}{{perBCCA|D Smith JA}}{{atL|grx23|86}}<br>
</ref>

{{quotation2|
; Appeal — offender
759 (1) An offender who is found to be a dangerous offender or a long-term offender may appeal to the court of appeal from a decision made under this Part {{AnnSec|Part XXIV}} on any ground of law or fact or mixed law and fact.

(1.1) [Repealed, {{LegHistory00s|2008, c. 6}}, s. 51]
<br>
; Appeal — Attorney General
(2) The Attorney General may appeal to the court of appeal from a decision made under this Part {{AnnSec|Part XXIV}} on any ground of law.
<br>
; Disposition of appeal
(3) The court of appeal may
:(a) allow the appeal and
::(i) find that an offender is or is not a dangerous offender or a long-term offender or impose a sentence that may be imposed or an order that may be made by the trial court under this Part {{AnnSec|Part XXIV}}, or
::(ii) order a new hearing, with any directions that the court considers appropriate; or
:(b) dismiss the appeal.

(3.1) and (3.2) [Repealed, {{LegHistory00s|2008, c. 6}}, s. 51]
<br>
; Effect of decision
(4) A decision of the court of appeal has the same force and effect as if it were a decision of the trial court.
<br>
(4.1) to (5) [Repealed, {{LegHistory00s|2008, c. 6}}, s. 51]
<br>
; Commencement of sentence
(6) Notwithstanding subsection 719(1) {{AnnSec7|719(1)}}, a sentence imposed on an offender by the court of appeal pursuant to this section shall be deemed to have commenced when the offender was sentenced by the court by which he was convicted.
<br>
; Part XXI applies re appeals
(7) The provisions of Part XXI {{AnnSec|Part XXI}} with respect to procedure on appeals apply, with such modifications as the circumstances require, to appeals under this section.
<br>

R.S., {{LegHistory80s|1985, c. C-46}}, s. 759; 
{{LegHistory90s|1995, c. 22}}, s. 10; 
{{LegHistory90s|1997, c. 17}}, s. 6; 
{{LegHistory00s|2008, c. 6}}, s. 51.
{{Annotation}}
|{{CCCSec2|759}} CCC]
|{{NoteUp|759|1|2|3|4|6|7}}
}}

{{reflist|2}}