Criminal Law Notebook

Possession of Stolen Property (Offence): Difference between revisions

← Older edit
Visual
m Text replacement - "\{\{Fr\|([^\}\}]+)\}\}" to "Fr:$1"
 
(11 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
[[Fr:Possession_de_biens_criminellement_obtenus_(infraction)]]
{{LevelZero}}{{HeaderOffences}}
{{LevelZero}}{{HeaderOffences}}


Line 65: Line 66:
==Offence Wording==
==Offence Wording==
{{quotation2|
{{quotation2|
Possession of property obtained by crime
354 (1) Every one commits an offence who has in his possession any property or thing or any proceeds of any property or thing knowing that all or part of the property or thing or of the proceeds was obtained by or derived directly or indirectly from
(a) the commission in Canada of an offence punishable by indictment; or
(b) an act or omission anywhere that, if it had occurred in Canada, would have constituted an offence punishable by indictment.
Marginal note:Obliterated vehicle identification number
(2) In proceedings in respect of an offence under subsection (1), evidence that a person has in their possession a motor vehicle the vehicle identification number of which has been wholly or partially removed or obliterated or a part of a motor vehicle being a part bearing a vehicle identification number that has been wholly or partially removed or obliterated is, in the absence of any evidence to the contrary, proof that the motor vehicle or part, as the case may be, was obtained,
(a) by the commission in Canada of an offence punishable by indictment; or
(b) by an act or omission anywhere that, if it had occurred in Canada, would have constituted an offence punishable by indictment.
Marginal note:Definition of vehicle identification number
(3) For the purposes of subsection (2), vehicle identification number means any number or other mark placed on a motor vehicle for the purpose of distinguishing the motor vehicle from other similar motor vehicles.
Marginal note:Exception
(4) A peace officer or a person acting under the direction of a peace officer is not guilty of an offence under this section by reason only that the peace officer or person possesses property or a thing or the proceeds of property or a thing mentioned in subsection (1) for the purposes of an investigation or otherwise in the execution of the peace officer’s duties.
R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 3541997, c. 18, s. 232018, c. 29, s. 39
Previous Version

---
; Possession of property obtained by crime
; Possession of property obtained by crime
354 (1) Every one commits an offence who has in his possession any property or thing or any proceeds of any property or thing knowing that all or part of the property or thing or of the proceeds was obtained by or derived directly or indirectly from
354 (1) Every one commits an offence who has in his possession any property or thing or any proceeds of any property or thing knowing that all or part of the property or thing or of the proceeds was obtained by or derived directly or indirectly from
Line 83: Line 112:
{{LegHistory10s|2018, c. 29}}, s. 39.
{{LegHistory10s|2018, c. 29}}, s. 39.
{{Annotation}}
{{Annotation}}
|[{{CCCSec|354}} CCC]
|{{CCCSec2|354}}
|{{NoteUp|354|1|2|4}}
|{{NoteUp|354|1|2|4}}
}}
}}
Line 102: Line 131:
{{LegHistory10s|2019, c. 25}}, s. 131.
{{LegHistory10s|2019, c. 25}}, s. 131.
{{Annotation}}
{{Annotation}}
|[{{CCCSec|355}} CCC]
|{{CCCSec2|355}}
|{{NoteUp|355}}
|{{NoteUp|355}}
}}
}}
Line 108: Line 137:
===Draft Form of Charges===
===Draft Form of Charges===
{{seealso|Draft Form of Charges}}
{{seealso|Draft Form of Charges}}
{{DraftHeader}}
{{DraftHeader}}
|-
|-
| 355
| 355
|  
| possession of property obtained by theft
|"{{ellipsis1}}, contrary to section 355 of the ''Criminal Code''.
|"{{ellipsis1}}did have in their possession [describe property] of a value [not] exceeding $5,000, knowing that the property, thing or proceeds [was/were] obtained by or derived from the commission of an offence punishable by indictment, to wit: [offence], contrary to section 354(1) of the ''Criminal Code''.
{{DraftEnd}}
{{DraftEnd}}


Line 158: Line 186:
{{ellipsis}}
{{ellipsis}}
{{History-S2}}  
{{History-S2}}  
|[{{CCCSec|2}} CCC]
|{{CCCSec2|2}}
|{{NoteUp|2}}
|{{NoteUp|2}}
}}
}}


The definition of property under s. 2 does ''not'' include "interest in property".<ref>
The definition of property under s. 2 does ''not'' include "interest in property."<ref>
{{CanLIIRP|Brunner|2dc4p|1995 ABCA 120 (CanLII)|97 CCC (3d) 31}}
{{CanLIIRP|Brunner|2dc4p|1995 ABCA 120 (CanLII)|97 CCC (3d) 31}}
</ref>
</ref>
Line 171: Line 199:
<br>
<br>
R.S., c. C-34, s. 385.{{Annotation}}
R.S., c. C-34, s. 385.{{Annotation}}
|[{{CCCSec|428}} CCC]
|{{CCCSec2|428}}
|{{NoteUp|428}}
|{{NoteUp|428}}
}}
}}


{{quotation2|
{{quotation3|
; Postcard a chattel, value
; Postcard a chattel, value
4 (1) For the purposes of this Act, a postal card or stamp referred to in paragraph (c) of the definition property in section 2 shall be deemed to be a chattel and to be equal in value to the amount of the postage, rate or duty expressed on its face.<br>
4 (1) For the purposes of this Act, a postal card or stamp referred to in paragraph (c) of the definition property in section 2 shall be deemed to be a chattel and to be equal in value to the amount of the postage, rate or duty expressed on its face.<br>
Line 185: Line 213:
2008, c. 18, s. 1;
2008, c. 18, s. 1;
2014, c. 31, s. 2.
2014, c. 31, s. 2.
|[{{CCCSec|4}} CCC]
|{{CCCSec2|4}}
|{{NoteUp|4|1}}
|{{NoteUp|4|1}}
|{{terms-
|"property" (s. 2)
|"valuable security" (s. 2)
}}
}}
}}


; Presumed Value
; Presumed Value
Stolen property is ''prima facie'' presumed to be the retail value of the items.<ref>
Stolen property is ''prima facie'' presumed to be the retail value of the items.<ref>
{{CanLIIR|Belanger|htwr5|1972 CanLII 1253 (BCCA)}}
{{CanLIIRP|Belanger|htwr5|1972 CanLII 1253 (BC CA)|6 CCC (2d) 210}}
</ref>
</ref>


Line 207: Line 239:
{{LegHistory90s|1997, c. 18}}, s. 23.
{{LegHistory90s|1997, c. 18}}, s. 23.
{{Annotation}}
{{Annotation}}
| [{{CCCSec|354}} CCC]
| [{{CCCSec|354}}
|{{NoteUp|354|3}}
|{{NoteUp|354|3}}
}}
}}
Line 221: Line 253:
<br>
<br>
{{LegHistory90s|1997, c. 18}}, s. 80.
{{LegHistory90s|1997, c. 18}}, s. 80.
|[{{CCCSec|657.2}} CCC]
|{{CCCSec2|657.2}}
|{{NoteUp|657.2|1|2}}
|{{NoteUp|657.2|1|2}}
}}
}}
Line 240: Line 272:
{{LegHistory10s|2010, c. 14}}, s. 11.
{{LegHistory10s|2010, c. 14}}, s. 11.
{{Annotation}}
{{Annotation}}
|[{{CCCSec|593}} CCC]
|{{CCCSec2|593}}
|{{NoteUp|593|1|2}}
|{{NoteUp|593|1|2}}
}}
}}
Line 252: Line 284:


R.S., {{LegHistory80s|1985, c. C-46}}, s. 358; R.S., {{LegHistory80s|1985, c. 27 (1st Supp.)}}, s. 50.{{Annotation}}
R.S., {{LegHistory80s|1985, c. C-46}}, s. 358; R.S., {{LegHistory80s|1985, c. 27 (1st Supp.)}}, s. 50.{{Annotation}}
|[{{CCCSec|358}} CCC]
|{{CCCSec2|358}}  
|{{NoteUp|358}}
|{{NoteUp|358}}
}}
}}


Merely getting into a stolen vehicle that was known to be stolen is not enough to establish possession or control.<Ref>
Merely getting into a stolen vehicle that was known to be stolen is not enough to establish possession or control.<Ref>
{{CanLIIR|Terrence|1vqzk|1980 CanLII 74 (ON CA)}}{{perONCA|MacKinnon CJ}}("With deference, in my view, the mere getting into a stolen vehicle knowing it to be stolen, without more, would not be sufficient to establish the measure of control which I conclude is necessary to satisfy the requirement of the subsection.")
{{CanLIIRP|Terrence|1vqzk|1980 CanLII 74 (ON CA)|55 CCC (2d) 183}}{{perONCA|MacKinnon CJ}}("With deference, in my view, the mere getting into a stolen vehicle knowing it to be stolen, without more, would not be sufficient to establish the measure of control which I conclude is necessary to satisfy the requirement of the subsection.")
</ref>
</ref>


Line 350: Line 382:


R.S., {{LegHistory80s|1985, c. C-46}}, s. 359; R.S., {{LegHistory80s|1985, c. 27 (1st Supp.)}}, s. 51.{{Annotation}}
R.S., {{LegHistory80s|1985, c. C-46}}, s. 359; R.S., {{LegHistory80s|1985, c. 27 (1st Supp.)}}, s. 51.{{Annotation}}
|[{{CCCSec|359}} CCC]
|{{CCCSec2|359}}
|{{NoteUp|}}
|{{NoteUp|}}
}}
}}
Line 357: Line 389:
Insofar as s. 359 requires admission of irrelevant or purely character evidence, it violates s. 7 of the Charter and should be "read down" to exclude irrelevant evidence.  
Insofar as s. 359 requires admission of irrelevant or purely character evidence, it violates s. 7 of the Charter and should be "read down" to exclude irrelevant evidence.  
<ref>
<ref>
{{CanLIIR|Hewitt|g9vsb|1986 CanLII 4716 (MB CA)}}{{perMBCA|Huband JA}} ("The admission of irrelevant and prejudicial evidence by virtue of s. 317(1) is surely contrary to the principles of fundamental justice. ")<br>
{{CanLIIRP|Hewitt|g9vsb|1986 CanLII 4716 (MB CA)|32 CCC (3d) 54}}{{perMBCA|Huband JA}} ("The admission of irrelevant and prejudicial evidence by virtue of s. 317(1) is surely contrary to the principles of fundamental justice. ")<br>
{{CanLIIR|Guyett|g9nxc|1989 CanLII 7202 (ON CA)}}{{perONCA|Brooke JA}}("It is sufficient to say that I agree with the judgment of the majority in Hewitt that s. 317 goes much farther than the general rules of admissibility and that under it, evidence of bad character can be introduced even if it shows nothing more. To this extent, the section violates the principles of fundamental justice and the guarantee in s. 7 of the Charter. In my opinion, this section cannot be read down.")
{{CanLIIRP|Guyett|g9nxc|1989 CanLII 7202 (ON CA)|51 CCC (3d) 368}}{{perONCA|Brooke JA}}("It is sufficient to say that I agree with the judgment of the majority in Hewitt that s. 317 goes much farther than the general rules of admissibility and that under it, evidence of bad character can be introduced even if it shows nothing more. To this extent, the section violates the principles of fundamental justice and the guarantee in s. 7 of the Charter. In my opinion, this section cannot be read down.")
</ref>
</ref>


Line 369: Line 401:


R.S., c. C-34, s. 318.{{Annotation}}
R.S., c. C-34, s. 318.{{Annotation}}
|[{{CCCSec|360}} CCC]
|{{CCCSec2|360}}  
|{{NoteUp|}}
|{{NoteUp|}}
}}
}}
Retrieved from "https://criminalnotebook.ca/index.php/Possession_of_Stolen_Property_(Offence)"