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==Volume I: Criminal Law==
==Volume I: Criminal Law==
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** [[Identity]] · [[Time and Place]] · [[Continuity]] · [[Proof of Ownership|Ownership]] · [[Criminal Organizations]] · [[Eyewitness Identification]]
** [[Identity]] · [[Time and Place]] · [[Continuity]] · [[Proof of Ownership|Ownership]] · [[Criminal Organizations]] · [[Eyewitness Identification]]
* '''Doctrines of Constructive Liability'''
* '''Doctrines of Constructive Liability'''
** [[Parties to an Offence|Parties]] · [[Accessory After the Fact]] · [[Recent Possession]] · [[Lesser Included Offences|Included Offences]] · [[Attempts]] · [[Counselling]] · [[Conspiracy (Offence)|Conspiracy]] · [[Lesser Included Offences]] · [[Liability of Organizations]]
** [[Parties to an Offence]] · [[Accessory After the Fact]] · [[Recent Possession]] · [[Lesser Included Offences|Included Offences]] · [[Attempts]] · [[Counselling]] · [[Conspiracy (Offence)|Conspiracy]] · [[Lesser Included Offences]] · [[Liability of Organizations]]
* '''[[Principles of Interpretation]]'''
* '''[[Principles of Interpretation]]'''
** [[Interpreting Legislative Amendments]] · [[Stare Decisis]] · [[Criminal Code and Related Definitions]] · [[List of Criminal Code Amendments]]
** [[Statutory Interpretation of the Criminal Code]] · [[Interpreting Legislative Amendments]] · [[Statutory Interpretation of the Charter]] · [[Stare Decisis]] · [[Criminal Code and Related Definitions]] · [[List of Criminal Code Amendments]]
* '''[[Constitutional Challenges to Legislation]]'''
* '''[[Constitutional Challenges to Legislation]]'''
** [[Principles of Fundamental Justice]] · [[Cruel and Unusual Punishment]] · [[Justifiable Limitations on Rights]] · [[Offences Found to be Unconstitutional]]
** [[Principles of Fundamental Justice]] · [[Cruel and Unusual Punishment]] · [[Justifiable Limitations on Rights]] · [[Offences Found to be Unconstitutional]]
* '''[[Offences by Category|Offences]]'''
* '''[[Offences by Category|Offences]]'''
**[[Offences by Category#Terrorism_Offences|Terrorism Offences]] · [[Weapon Offences]] · [[Sexual Offences]] ([[Online Sexual Offences]]) · [[Offences by Category#Disorderly Conduct|Disorderly Conduct]] · [[Offences by Category#Offences of Violence|Offences of Violence]] · [[Offences by Category#Gambling and Gaming|Gambling and Gaming]] · [[Offences by Category#Hate Speech and Libel|Hate Speech and Libel]] · [[Offences by Category#Administration of Justice Offences|Administration of Justice Offences]] · [[Offences by Category#Property Offences|Property Offences]] · [[Offences by Category#Corruption Offences|Corruption Offences]] · [[Drug Offences (Crime)|Drug Offences]] ([[Drug Trafficking]])
** [[Terrorism Offences]] ([[Maintaining the List of Entities for Terrorism Offences|List of Entities]] · [[Authorization to Provide Property or Services to Terrorist Group]])
** [[Offences by Category#Motor Vehicle Offences|Motor Vehicle Offences]] ([[Refusal to Give a Sample]] · [[Breath Sample Demand]] · [[Reasonable Grounds Under Section 254(3)]] · [[Presumption of Identity Under Section 258]] · [[Forthwith Under Section 254]] · [[Screening Device]] · [[Operation, Care or Control of a Vehicle]] · [[Proof of Blood Alcohol Levels]] · [[Proof of Impairment by Alcohol]] · [[Proof of Impairment by Drugs]])
** [[Weapons and Firearms Offences]] ([[Persons Exempted From Firearm Offences]] · [[Proving the Existence of Firearms and Related Issues]])
** [[Offences by Category#Homicide|Homicide]] ("[[Planned and Deliberate]]" · [[Murder by Unlawful Act or Object]])
** [[Sexual Offences]] ([[Online Sexual Offences]] · [[Distribution, Making Available, and Making Child Pornography]]) · [[Possession and Access of Child Pornography]] · [[Offences by Category#Disorderly Conduct|Disorderly Conduct]]  
** [[Repealed Offences]]
** [[Offences by Category#Offences of Violence|Offences of Violence]] ([[Consent to Physical Contact]]) · [[Offences by Category#Gambling and Gaming|Gambling and Gaming]] · [[Offences by Category#Hate Speech and Libel|Hate Speech and Libel]]  
** Definitions: [[Definition of Bodily Harm|"Bodily Harm"]], [[Definition of Child Pornography|"Child Pornography"]], [[Definition of Dwelling House|"Dwelling House"]], [[Definition of Weapons|"Weapons"]], [[Definition of Firearms|"Firearms"]], [[Definition of Judicial Officers and Offices|Judicial Officers]],  [[Definitions for General Documents, Legal Documents and Financial Instruments|Financial Instruments and Legal Documents]], [[Definitions of Parties, Persons, Places and Organizations|Parties, Persons, and Organizations]], [[Peace Officers|"Peace Officers"]], [[Terrorism Definitions|Terrorism Definitions]], [[Deceit, Falsehood, or Other Fraudulent Means|"Deceit, Falsehood, or Other Fraudulent Means"]], [[Criminal Code and Related Definitions|Misc Code Definitions]].
** [[Offences by Category#Administration of Justice Offences|Administration of Justice Offences]] ([[Proof of Bodily Substance in Condition Breach Prosecution]])
** [[Offences by Category#Property Offences|Property Offences]]: [[Fraud-based Offences]] · [[Alternative Methods of Theft]]
** [[Offences by Category#Corruption Offences|Corruption Offences]] · [[Drug Offences]] ([[Drug Trafficking]])
** [[Conveyance Offences]]: [[Screening for Drugs or Alcohol]] · [[Admission of Breath or Blood Sample]] · [[Proof of Impairment by Drugs or Alcohol]]
** [[Homicide Offences|Homicide]] ("[[Planned and Deliberate]]" · [[Murder by Unlawful Act or Object]] · [[Causation of Death]])
** Misc Offences: [[Piracy and Offences Against Air and Marine Safety]] · [[Miscellaneous Administration of Justice Offences|Administration Of Justice]] · [[Miscellaneous Currency Offences|Currency]] · [[Miscellaneous Firearms Offences|Firearms]] · [[Miscellaneous Fraudulent Offences|Fraud]] · [[Miscellaneous Offences Against Property|Property]] · [[Miscellaneous Offences Against Public Order|Public Order]] · [[Miscellaneous Offences Against the Person|Person]] · [[Miscellaneous Provisions Relating to Terrorism Offences|Terrorism]] · [[Miscellaneous Sexual and Disorderly Conduct Offences|Sexual And Disorderly Conduct]]
** [[Repealed Offences]] · [[Miscellaneous Repealed Offences|Miscellaneous]]
* Misc. Provisions: [[Powers to Suppress Riots]]
** Definitions: [[Definition of Bodily Harm|"Bodily Harm"]], [[Definition of Child Pornography|"Child Pornography"]], [[Definition of Dwelling House|"Dwelling House"]], [[Definition of Judicial Officers and Offices|Judicial Officers and Offices]],  [[Definitions for General Documents, Legal Documents and Financial Instruments|General Documents, Legal Documents and Financial Instruments]], [[Definitions of Parties, Persons, Places and Organizations|Parties, Persons, Places and Organizations]], [[Peace Officers|"Peace Officers"]], [[Terrorism Definitions|Terrorism Definitions]], [[Deceit, Falsehood, or Other Fraudulent Means|"Deceit, Falsehood, or Other Fraudulent Means"]] · [[Definition of Terms Relating to Transactions and Transferences|Terms Relating to Transactions and Transferences]] · [[Definition of Weapons|"Weapons"]] · [[Definition of Firearms|"Firearms"]], [[Definition of Prohibited Firearms|"Prohibited Firearms"]] · [[Definition of Restricted Firearms|"Restricted Firearms"]], [[Non-Restricted and Other Types of Firearms|"non-restricted firearms"]], [[Definition of Prohibited Device and Ammunition|"Prohibited Device" and "Ammunition"]], [[Criminal Code and Related Definitions|Misc Code Definitions]], [[Glossary]].


* '''[[Regulatory and Provincial Offences]]'''
* '''[[Regulatory and Provincial Offences]]'''
** [[Employer Liability Offences]] · [[Liability of Organizations]] · [[Due Diligence]]
** [[Regulatory Offences]] · [[Administrative Tribunals]] · [[Employer Liability Offences]] · [[Legal Profession Offences]] ([[Legal Profession Regulation]], [[Sentencing for Legal Profession Offences]]) · [[Liability of Organizations]] · [[Due Diligence]] · [[Regulatory Motor Vehicle Offences]]
* '''[[Defences]]'''
* '''[[Defences]]'''
** [[Intoxication]] · [[Automatism]] · [[Provocation]] · [[Necessity]] · [[Duress]] ·  [[Entrapment]] ·  [[Reasonable Excuse]] ·  [[Self-Defence and Defence of Another|Self-Defence and Defence of Another]] ([[Self-Defence and Defence of Another (Pre-Amendments 2013)|Pre-2013]]) ·  [[Defence of Property]] ([[Defence of Property (Pre-2013 Amendments)|Pre-2013]]) · [[Officially Induced Error]] · [[Acting in Authority]] · [[Corrective Force]] · [[Accident and Mistake]] ([[Mistaken Belief of Age]]) ·  [[Alibi]] ·  [[De Minimus Non Curat Lex|De Minimus]] ·  [[Due Diligence]] · [[Consent]] ([[Consent in Sexual Offences]] · [[Age of Consent in Sexual Offences]]) ·  [[Abandonment (Defence)|Abandonment]] ·  [[Innocent Possession]]  · [[Colour of Right]]  
** [[Intoxication]] ([[Limitations on Intoxication Defences]]) · [[Automatism]] · [[Provocation]] · [[Defence of Necessity]] · [[Duress]] ·  [[Entrapment]] ·  [[Reasonable Excuse]] ·  [[Self-Defence and Defence of Another|Self-Defence and Defence of Another]] ([[Self-Defence and Defence of Another (Pre-Amendments 2013)|Pre-2013]]) ·  [[Defence of Property]] ([[Defence of Property (Pre-2013 Amendments)|Pre-2013]]) · [[Officially Induced Error]] · [[Acting in Authority]] · [[Corrective Force]] · [[Accident and Mistake]] ([[Mistaken Belief of Age]]) ·  [[Alibi]] ·  [[De Minimus Non Curat Lex|De Minimus]] ·  [[Due Diligence]] · [[Consent]] ([[Consent in Sexual Offences]] · [[Age of Consent in Sexual Offences]] · [[Honest But Mistaken Belief in Communicated Consent]]) ·  [[Abandonment (Defence)|Abandonment]] ·  [[Innocent Possession]]  · [[Colour of Right]]  
** Offence-specific Defences: [[Defamatory Libel Defences]] · [[Child Pornography Defences]] ([[Child Pornography Private Use Defence]])
** Offence-specific Defences: [[Defamatory Libel Defences]] · [[Child Pornography Defences]] ([[Child Pornography Private Use Defence]])


*'''Appendix'''
*'''Appendix'''
** [[Offences by Penalty]] · [[CDSA Schedules|CDSA Schedules]] ·<!-- [[Model Examinations (Criminal Law)|Model Examinations]] ·--> [[Table of Concordance (Criminal Code)|Table of Concordance]] · [[Criminal Law Cases|Table of Cases]] · [[Criminal Code and Related Definitions]] [[List of Legislative Amendments]] ([[List of Criminal Code Amendments|Criminal Code (2000 to present)]] · [[List of Criminal Code Amendments (1892 to 1984)|Criminal Code (1892 to 1984)]] · [[List of Criminal Code Amendments (1984 to 1999)|Criminal Code (1984 to 1999)]]) · [[List of Hybrid Offences]] · [[List of Straight Indictable Offences]] · [[List of Summary Conviction Offences]] · [[Offences by Penalty]]
** [[Offences by Penalty]] · [[CDSA Schedules]] ·<!-- [[Model Examinations (Criminal Law)|Model Examinations]] ·--> [[Table of Concordance (Criminal Code)|Table of Concordance]] · [[Criminal Law Cases|Table of Cases]] · [[Criminal Code and Related Definitions]] · [[Criminal Code Structure]] · [[List of Legislative Amendments]] ([[List of Criminal Code Amendments|Criminal Code (2000 to present)]] · [[List of Criminal Code Amendments (1892 to 1984)|Criminal Code (1892 to 1984)]] · [[List of Criminal Code Amendments (1984 to 1999)|Criminal Code (1984 to 1999)]] · [[Failed Amendments]] · [[Pending Amendments]]) · [[List of Hybrid Offences]] · [[List of Straight Indictable Offences]] · [[List of Summary Conviction Offences]] · [[Offences by Penalty]] · [[History of Sexual Offences]] · [[Criminal Law in the Canadian Territories]] · [[Ministerial Powers Under the CDSA]] · [[Criminal Code Forms]] · [[Criminal Code Schedules]]
** [[Court Membership]] · [[List of Appointing Governments]]


==Volume II: Evidence==
==Volume II: Evidence==
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===Basic Principles===
===Basic Principles===
* '''[[Acceptance of Evidence]]'''
* '''[[Acceptance of Evidence]]'''
** [[Discretionary Exclusion of Evidence]] · [[Standard of Proof]] ([[Beyond a Reasonable Doubt]]) · [[Burden of Proof]]
** [[Relevance and Materiality]] · [[Discretionary Exclusion of Evidence]] · [[Standard of Proof]] ([[Beyond a Reasonable Doubt]]) · [[Burden of Proof]]
* '''[[Proving Facts]]'''
* '''[[Proving Facts]]'''
** [[Direct Evidence]] · [[Circumstantial Evidence]] · [[Inferences]] · [[Recent Possession]] · [[Presumptions]] · [[Judicial Notice]] · [[Admissions of Fact]] · [[Analyzing Testimony]] ([[Bias, Interest, and Corruption in Assessing Credibility]] · [[Weighing Testimony of the Accused]] · [[Credibility and Reliability of Child Witnesses]]) · [[Corroboration]]
** [[Direct Evidence]] · [[Circumstantial Evidence]] · [[Inferences]] · [[Recent Possession]] · [[Presumptions]] ([[Presumption of Innocence]]) · [[Judicial Notice]] · [[Admissions of Fact]] · [[Analyzing Testimony]] ([[Bias, Interest, and Corruption in Assessing Credibility|Bias, Interest, and Corruption]] · [[Weighing Testimony of the Accused]] · [[Credibility and Reliability of Child Witnesses]]) · [[Corroboration]]
** [[Proof of Previous Conviction]] · [[Proof of Controlled Substance]]
** [[Proof of Previous Conviction]] · [[Proof of Controlled Substance]]


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** [[Demonstrative Evidence]]
** [[Demonstrative Evidence]]
* '''[[Documentary Evidence]]'''
* '''[[Documentary Evidence]]'''
** [[Public and Judicial Documents]] · [[Private Documents]] · [[Business Records]] · [[Financial Institution Records]] · [[Electronic Documents]] · [[Best Evidence Rule]]
** [[Public and Judicial Documents]] · [[Private Documents]] · [[Business Records]] ([[Business Records Under Common Law|Under Common Law]] · [[Business Records Under the Canada Evidence Act|Evidence Act]]) · [[Financial Institution Records]] · [[Electronic Documents and Records]] · [[Best Evidence Rule]] · [[Miscellaneous Document Issues]]
* '''[[Testimonial Evidence]]'''  
* '''[[Testimonial Evidence]]'''  
** [[Competence and Compellability]]: [[Compelling Attendance of Witnesses]] · [[Oaths and Affirmations]] · [[Competence of Witnesses to Testify]] · [[Competence of Children and Witnesses of Diminished Capacity]] · [[Spousal Immunity]]
** [[Competence and Compellability]]: [[Compelling Attendance of Witnesses]] ([[Quashing a Subpoena]]) · [[Oaths and Affirmations]] · [[Competence of Witnesses to Testify]] · [[Competence of Children and Witnesses of Diminished Capacity]] · [[Spousal Immunity]]
** [[Refreshing Memory]] · [[Testimonial Aids for Young, Disabled or Vulnerable Witnesses]] · [[Long Distance Testimonial Aids]] · [[Interpreters]] · [[Evidence by Commission]]
** [[Refreshing Memory]] · [[Testimonial Aids for Young, Disabled or Vulnerable Witnesses]] ([[Witness Screen and Closed-Circuit Video Testimony]] · [[Support Person Assisted Testimony]] · [[Testimonial Aids for Witnesses at Risk of Harm]]) · [[Long Distance Testimonial Aids]] · [[Interpreters]] · [[Evidence by Commission]]
** [[Adverse and Hostile Witnesses]]
** [[Adverse and Hostile Witnesses]]


===Limits on the Admissibility of Evidence===
===Limits on the Admissibility of Evidence===
* '''[[Opinion Evidence]]'''
* '''[[Opinion Evidence]]'''
** [[Lay Opinion Evidence]] · [[Expert Evidence]] ([[Established Fields of Expert Evidence]] · [[Expert Evidence in Drug Trafficking]] · [[Expert Evidence in Psychology and Psychiatry]])
** [[Lay Opinion Evidence]]
** [[Expert Evidence]]: [[Qualified Expert Evidence]] · [[Legal Requirements for Qualified Expert Evidence]] ([[Independence, Impartiality and Lack of Bias of Expert Witnesses]]) · [[Procedure for Calling Expert Evidence]] · [[Rules of Evidence for a Qualified Expert|Evidence Rules]] · [[Established Fields of Expert Evidence]] ([[Expert Evidence in Drug Trafficking]] · [[Expert Evidence in Psychology and Psychiatry]])
* '''[[Credibility]]'''
* '''[[Credibility]]'''
** [[Collateral Fact Rule]] · [[Prior Consistent Statements]] · [[Prior Inconsistent Statements]] · [[Post-Offence Conduct]] · [[Credibility Based on Prior Criminal Record|Criminal Record]] · [[Disreputable and Unsavoury Witnesses]]
** [[Collateral Fact Rule]] · [[Prior Consistent Statements]] · [[Prior Inconsistent Statements]] · [[Post-Offence Conduct]] · [[Credibility Based on Prior Criminal Record|Criminal Record]] · [[Disreputable and Unsavoury Witnesses]]
* '''[[Character Evidence]]'''
* '''[[Character Evidence]]'''
** [[Character of Accused]] · [[Character of Non-Accused Persons]] · [[Similar Fact Evidence]] · [[Alternative Suspect Evidence]] · [[Complainant's Sexual History]] · [[Corbett Application]]
** [[Character of Accused]] · [[Character of Non-Accused Persons]] · [[Similar Fact Evidence]] · [[Alternative Suspect Evidence]] · [[Complainant Sexual Activity Evidence and Related Evidence]] ([[Production of Records for Sexual Offences]] · [[Admission of Certain Complainant Evidence for Sexual Offences]]) · [[Corbett Application]]
* '''[[Hearsay]]'''
* '''[[Hearsay]]'''
** [[Traditional Exceptions to Hearsay|Traditional Exceptions]] ([[Statutory Hearsay Exception for Victims, Children and Disabled]] · [[Statements Against Interest Exception]] · [[Res Gestae and Dying Declarations]] · [[Past Recollection Recorded]] · [[Previously Sworn Testimony Exception to Hearsay]] · [[Co-Conspirators Exception to Hearsay]] · [[Adoptive and Implied Admissions]])
** [[Traditional Exceptions to Hearsay|Traditional Exceptions]] ([[Statutory Hearsay Exception for Victims, Children and Disabled]] · [[Statements Against Interest Exception]] · [[Res Gestae and Dying Declarations]] · [[Past Recollection Recorded]] · [[Sworn Testimony Exception to Hearsay]] · [[Co-Conspirators Exception to Hearsay]] · [[Adoptive and Implied Admissions]])
** [[Principled Exception to Hearsay|Principled Exception]]
** [[Principled Exception to Hearsay|Principled Exception]] ([[Necessity Under the Principled Approach to Hearsay|Necessity]] · [[Reliability Under the Principled Approach to Hearsay|Reliability]])
** [[Oral Aboriginal History Evidence]]
* '''[[Admissions and Confessions]]'''
* '''[[Admissions and Confessions]]'''
** [[Admissions]] · [[Confessions]] · [[Voluntariness]] · [[Right Against Self-Crimination]] · [[Confessions by Young Persons]]
** [[Admissions]] · [[Confessions]] · [[Voluntariness]] · [[Right Against Self-Crimination]] · [[Confessions by Young Persons]] ·  [[Admissions to Undercover Officers or Agents]] ([[Admissions from Mr Big Operations|Mr Big Operations]])
* '''[[Privilege]]'''
* '''[[Privilege]]'''
** [[Solicitor Client Privilege]] · [[Public Interest Privilege]] · [[Litigation Privilege]] · [[Settlement Privilege]] · [[Informer Privilege]] · [[Spousal Immunity|Spousal Privilege]] · [[Case-by-Case Privilege]]
** [[Solicitor-Client Privilege]]: [[Searches Intruding on Solicitor-Client Privilege]] (including Law Office Searches) · [[Waiver of Solicitor-Client Privilege]] · [[Exceptions to Solicitor-Client Privilege]]
** [[Public Interest Privilege]] ([[National Defence and Security Privilege]]) · [[Litigation Privilege]] · [[Settlement Privilege]] · [[Informer Privilege]] · [[Spousal Immunity|Spousal Privilege]] · [[Case-by-Case Privilege]] · [[Protection of Journalist Records and Sources]]  


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* '''[[Introduction to Search and Seizure]]'''
* '''[[Introduction to Search and Seizure]]'''
*'''Fundamental Principles'''  
*'''Fundamental Principles'''  
** [[Rights Against Search and Seizure]] · [[Reasonable Expectation of Privacy|Reasonable Expectation of Privacy]] · [[Established Areas of Privacy]] · [[Warrantless Searches|General Police Powers to Intrude]] · [[Manner of Search]]
** [[Rights Against Search and Seizure]] · [[Reasonable Expectation of Privacy|Reasonable Expectation of Privacy]] · [[Established Areas of Privacy]] ([[Established Areas of Informational Privacy]], [[Established Areas of Personal Privacy]], [[Established Areas of Territorial Privacy]]) · [[Warrantless Searches|General Police Powers to Intrude]] ([[Statutory Warrantless Search Powers]]) · [[Manner of Search]]


* '''[[Warrantless Searches|Warrantless Searches]]'''
* '''[[Warrantless Searches]]'''
**[[Consent Search|Search by Consent]] · [[Search Incident to Detention|Search Incident to Detention]] · [[Search Incident to Arrest|Search Incident to Arrest]] · [[Warrantless Search of Abandoned Property]] · [[Plain View Search and Seizure]] · [[Warrantless Search in Exigent Circumstances|Exigent Circumstances]] · ([[Warrantless Entry into Dwellings in Exigent Circumstances]]) · [[Entry into Place to Execute an Arrest Warrant]]
**[[Consent Search|Search by Consent]] · [[Search Incident to Investigative Detention]] · [[Search Incident to Arrest]] · [[Warrantless Search of Abandoned Property]] · [[Plain View Search and Seizure]] · [[Warrantless Search in Exigent Circumstances|Exigent Circumstances]] · ([[Warrantless Entry into Dwellings in Exigent Circumstances]]) · [[Entry into Place to Execute an Arrest Warrant]] · [[Searches at an International Border]]


* '''Warrant Searches'''
* '''Warrant Searches'''
** [[Applying for Judicial Authorizations]] · [[Information to Obtain a Search Warrant|Contents of the ITO]] ([[Confidential Informers]]) · [[Search Warrant Evidence]] · [[Reasonable and Probable Grounds]] · [[Judicial Authorization Standard of Review|Standard of Review]] · [[Execution of Search Warrants|Execution of Warrants]] ·  
** [[Judicial Authorizations]] · [[Applications for Judicial Authorizations]] · [[Information to Obtain a Judicial Authorization|Contents of the ITO]] ([[Confidential Informers]]) · [[Search Warrant Evidence]] · [[Reasonable and Probable Grounds]] · [[Judicial Authorization Standard of Review|Standard of Review]] · [[Execution of Search Warrants|Execution of Warrants]] · [[Miscellaneous Judicial Authorization Provisions]]
** [[Special Search Warrant Issues|Special Search Issues]] · [[Law Office Searches]] · [[Computer-related Search Issues]] · [[Sealing and Unsealing Warrants|Sealing and Unsealing Warrants]]
** [[Special Search Issues|Special Search Issues]] · [[Searches Intruding on Solicitor-Client Privilege]] (see above) · [[Computer-related Search Issues]] · [[Sealing and Unsealing Judicial Authorizations]]
** [[Procedure for Review of a Judicial Authorization]]


* '''Types of Warrant'''
* '''Types of Warrant'''
** [[Section 487 Search Warrants]] · [[General Warrants|General Warrants]] (487.01) · [[Seizure of Bodily Samples|Bodily Samples]] (including [[Blood Sample Seizure in Impaired Driving Investigations|impaired driving]],  [[Section 487.05 Seizure Warrant of DNA Samples|DNA Samples]], s. 487.091, [[Body Print Impression Warrant]] (487.092)) · [[Seizure and Forfeiture of Obscene or Child Pornographic Materials|Obscene Materials Warrant]] (164) · [[Gaming House Warrants]] (199) · [[Tracking Warrant]] (492.1) · [[Warrant for Transmission Data Recorder]] (492.2) · [[Seizure of Firearms|Firearms Warrants]] · [[Hate Propaganda Warrants and Forfeiture Orders|Hate Propaganda Warrants]] · [[CDSA Warrants|CDSA Warrants]] · [[Foreign Warrants|Foreign Warrants]] · [[Telewarrants]]  
** [[Section 487 Search Warrants]] · [[General Warrants]] (487.01) · [[Seizure of Bodily Samples|Bodily Samples]] (including [[Blood Sample Seizure in Impaired Driving Investigations|impaired driving]],  [[Section 487.05 Seizure Warrant of DNA Samples|DNA Samples]] (487.091), [[Taking of Sample of DNA Under Section 487.056]] · [[Body Print Impression Warrant]] (487.092), [[Blood Sample Warrants in Conveyance Investigations]]) · [[Seizure and Forfeiture of Obscene or Child Pornographic Materials|Obscene Materials Warrant]] (164), [[Copying, Deleting and Identifying Data From Computer System Custodians]] · [[Gaming House Warrants]] (199) · [[Tracking Warrants]] (492.1) · [[Warrant for Transmission Data Recorder]] (492.2) · [[Seizure of Firearms|Firearms Warrants]] · [[Hate Propaganda Warrants and Forfeiture Orders|Hate Propaganda Warrants]] (320) · [[Warrant to Seize Terrorist Propaganda Publications|Terrorist Propoganda]] (83.222) · [[Seizure and Forfeiture of Firearms for Public Safety]] · [[CDSA Warrants]] (11 CDSA) · [[Foreign Warrants]] · [[Telewarrants]] · [[Assistance Orders]]
** [[Production Orders|Production Orders]]: [[General Production Orders]] · [[Production Orders for Financial Data]] · [[Production Orders for Tracking Data]] · [[Trace Specified Communications Production Orders]] · [[Transmission Data Production Orders]]
** [[Production Orders]]: [[General Production Orders]] · [[Production Orders for Financial Data]] · [[Production Orders for Tracking Data]] · [[Trace Specified Communications Production Orders]] · [[Transmission Data Production Orders]]
** [[Wiretaps|Wiretaps]] ([[Consent Wiretaps]] · [[Third Party Wiretaps]] · [[Warrantless Wiretaps]] · [[List of Designated Wiretap Eligible Offences|Designated Offences]] · [[Admitting Wiretap Evidence]])
** [[Wiretaps]] ([[Consent Wiretaps]] · [[Third Party Wiretaps]] · [[Warrantless Wiretaps]] · [[List of Designated Wiretap Eligible Offences|Designated Offences]] · [[Admitting Wiretap Evidence]] · [[Annual Wiretap Reports]])
 
* Manner of Search: [[Manner of Authorized Entry into a Dwelling House]]
===Seizure and Forfeiture Powers===
===Seizure and Forfeiture Powers===
* '''Preservation of Evidence and Property'''
* '''Preservation of Evidence and Property'''
** [[Preservation Demands and Orders]]: [[Revocation or Variation of a Proceeds Restraint Order]]
** [[Preservation Demands and Orders]]: [[Revocation or Variation of a Proceeds Restraint Order]]
** [[Restraint of Offence-related Property]]
** [[Restraint of Offence-related Property]] · [[Restraint of Terrorism-related Property]]
* '''[[Seizure of Property|Seizure of Property]]'''
* '''[[Seizure of Property]]'''
** [[Ancillary Powers Doctrine]] · [[Warrantless Seizure Under Section 489]] · [[Detention Order for Things Seized Under Section 489 or 487.11]] · [[Taking Photographs and Fingerprints of Accused Persons]] · [[Inventory Searches]] · [[Seizure of Firearms|Firearm Seizure Powers]] · [[Seizure of Proceeds of Crime]] · [[Seizure and Forfeiture of Obscene or Child Pornographic Materials]] · [[Return of Things Seized to Lawful Owners]] · [[Seizure of Firearms]] · [[Warrants to Seize Explosives]] · [[Seizure of Bodily Samples]]
** [[Procedure on Seizure of Property]] · [[Special Issues for Seizure of Property]]
** [[Ancillary Powers Doctrine]] · [[Warrantless Overseizure Under Section 489]] · [[Detention Order for Things Seized Under Section 489 or 487.11]] ([[Order of Detention]] · [[Extending an Initial Detention Order]]) · [[Taking Photographs and Fingerprints of Accused Persons]] · [[Inventory Searches]] · [[Seizure of Firearms|Firearm Seizure Powers]] · [[Seizure of Proceeds of Crime]] · [[Seizure and Forfeiture of Obscene or Child Pornographic Materials]] · [[Return of Things Seized to Lawful Owners]] · [[Return of Property Obtained by Crime]] · [[Seizure of Firearms]] · [[Warrants to Seize Explosives]] · [[Seizure of Bodily Samples]] · [[Seizure and Detention of Property under CDSA]]
* '''[[Forfeiture Orders]]'''
* '''[[Forfeiture Orders]]'''
** [[Forfeiture of Proceeds of Crime]] · [[Forfeiture of Offence-related Property]] · [[Forfeiture of Offence-related Property Under the CDSA]] · [[Forfeiture of Things Seized Under Section 490]] · [[Forfeiture of Weapons and Firearms]] · [[Forfeiture of Computer-related Property]] · [[Fines#Fine_in_Lieu_of_Forfeiture|Fine in Lieu of Forfeiture]] · [[Civil Forfeiture]] · [[Terrorism Forfeiture Orders]] · [[Hate Propaganda Warrants and Forfeiture Orders|Hate Propaganda Forfeiture Orders]]
** [[Forfeiture of Proceeds of Crime]] ([[Forfeiture of Proceeds of Crime (Organized Crime)|re Criminal Organizations]]) · [[Application for Relief from Proceeds Forfeiture]]
** [[Forfeiture of Offence-related Property]] · [[Forfeiture of Offence-related Property Under the CDSA]] · [[Forfeiture of Things Detained Under Section 490]] · [[Forfeiture of Weapons and Firearms]] · [[Forfeiture of Computer-related Property]] · [[Fine in Lieu of Forfeiture]] · [[Civil Forfeiture]] · [[Terrorism Forfeiture Orders]] · [[Hate Propaganda Warrants and Forfeiture Orders|Hate Propaganda Forfeiture Orders]]


===Exclusion of Evidence===
===Exclusion of Evidence===
* [[Waiver of Charter Rights|Waiver of Charter Rights]] · [[Exclusion of Evidence Under Section 24(2) of the Charter]]
* [[Waiver of Charter Rights]] · [[Exclusion of Evidence Under Section 24(2) of the Charter]]


===Appendix===
===Appendix===
* [[Search Warrant Chart]] · [[ITO Drafting Checklist]] · [[Warrant Searches (Cases)|Case Digests]]
* [[Judicial Authorization Chart]] · [[ITO Drafting and Search Execution Checklist]] · [[Warrant Searches (Cases)|Case Digests]]


==Volume IV: Procedure and Practice==
==Volume IV: Procedure and Practice==
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===Arrest, Detention and Release===
===Arrest, Detention and Release===
* '''[[Arrest and Detention]]'''
* '''[[Arrest and Detention]]'''
** [[Investigative Detention]] · [[Warrantless Arrests]] · [[Post-Charge Detention]]
** [[Investigative Detention]] · [[Warrantless Arrests]] ([[Arrest by a Citizen]] · [[Out of Province Warrantless Arrest]]) · [[Initial Post-Charge Detention]] · [[Continued Detention After Appearing Before a Justice]]
** [[Warrant Arrests]]: [[Accused Arrest Warrants for Failing to Attend Court]] · [[Arrest Warrants for Witnesses]] · [[Arrest Warrant for Breach of Court Orders]] · [[Out of Province Arrest Warrants]]
** [[Warrant Arrests]]: [[Accused Arrest Warrants for Failing to Attend Court]] · [[Arrest Warrants for Witnesses]] · [[Arrest Warrants for Accused Persons]] · [[Out of Province Arrest Warrants]]
** [[Reasonable Suspicion]]
** [[Reasonable Suspicion]]
* '''Procedural Rights'''  
* '''Procedural Rights'''  
** [[Arrest Procedure]]: [[Right to be Informed of Charges]] · [[Right to be Informed of Reasons for Arrest or Detention]] · [[Right to Counsel]] ([[Informational Component to Right to Counsel]] · [[Implementation Component to Right to Counsel]] · [[Right to Additional Opportunities to Consult with Counsel]]) · [[Post-Charge Detention]]
** [[Arrest Procedure]]: [[Right to be Informed of Charges]] · [[Right to be Informed of Reasons for Arrest or Detention]] · [[Initial Post-Charge Detention]] · [[Duty to Deliver Detainee to a Justice Without Unreasonable Delay]]
** [[Waiver of Charter Rights]] · [[Exclusion of Evidence Under Section 24(2) of the Charter|Exclusion of Evidence on Rights Violation]] · [[Post-Charge Detention]]
*** [[Right to Counsel on Detention or Arrest]]: [[Informational Component to Right to Counsel]] · [[Implementation Component to Right to Counsel]] · [[Right to Additional Opportunities to Consult with Counsel]] · [[Right to Choice of Counsel]] · [[Special Issues with Right to Counsel]]
** [[Waiver of Charter Rights]] · [[Exclusion of Evidence Under Section 24(2) of the Charter|Exclusion of Evidence on Rights Violation]] · [[Initial Post-Charge Detention]]
* '''[[Compelling the Accused to Attend Court|Compelling Attendance]]'''
* '''[[Compelling the Accused to Attend Court|Compelling Attendance]]'''
** [[Compelling Attendance by Accused Without Arrest]] · [[Warrantless Arrests]] and [[Warrant Arrests]] · [[Laying of an Information]] · [[Issuing Process]] · [[Release by Police]] · [[Procuring the Attendance of a Prisoner]] · [[Transfer of Matters to Other Provinces or Territories]]
** [[Compelling Attendance by Accused Without Arrest]] · [[Warrantless Arrests]] and [[Warrant Arrests]] · [[Laying of an Information]] · [[Issuing Process]] · [[Release by Police on Undertaking]] · [[Procuring the Attendance of a Prisoner]] · [[Transfer of Matters to Other Provinces or Territories]]
* '''[[Judicial Interim Release|Judicial Interim Release / Bail]]'''
* '''[[Judicial Interim Release|Judicial Interim Release / Bail]]'''
** [[Bail Hearings]] · [[Grounds for Release]] · [[Release With and Without Sureties and Deposits|Sureties and Deposits]] · [[Terms of Release]] · [[Breach of Release Conditions]] · [[Bail Revocation and Termination]] · [[Estreatment of Recognizance]] · [[Bail Pending Appeal]] · [[Bail Review]] · [[Bail for Young Accused]]
** [[Bail Hearings]] · [[Reverse Onus Provisions Under Section 515|Reverse Onus Bail]] · [[Grounds for Detention]] · [[Bail Hearing Evidence]] · [[Release With and Without Sureties and Deposits|Sureties and Deposits]] · [[Terms of Release]] · [[Breach of Release Conditions]] ([[Bail Consequences Upon Alleged Misconduct]]) · [[Revoking, Terminating, or Replacing Bail or Remand Orders]] · [[Estreatment of Recognizance]] · [[Bail Pending Appeal]] · [[Bail Review]] · [[Section 525 Detention Review]] · [[Bail for Young Accused]] · [[Release on Section 469 Offences]] (including murder)
 
* '''[[Extradition]]'''
* '''[[Extradition]]'''


===The Parties in a Proceeding===
===The Parties in a Proceeding===
*[[Role of the Crown]] ([[Prosecutorial Discretion]]) · [[Role of the Defence Counsel]] · [[Conflicts of Interest]] · [[Role of Law Enforcement]] · [[Accused in Court|Role of the Accused]] ([[Sitting Position of the Accused at Trial]]) · [[Role of Trial Judge]] ([[Procedural Powers of a Preliminary Inquiry Judge]] · [[Judicial Immunity]] · [[Judicial Neutrality and Bias]] · [[Functus Officio]]) · [[Role of the Victim and Third Parties]] · [[Counsel Appearing by Telepresence]]
* [[Role of the Crown]] ([[Definition of Crown, Prosecutor and Attorney General]] · [[Prosecutorial Discretion]]) · [[Role of the Defence Counsel]] · [[Conflicts of Interest]]  
* [[Role of Law Enforcement]] ([[Authorizations to Commit Illegal Acts]])
* [[Accused in Court|Role of the Accused]] ([[Sitting Position of the Accused at Trial]] · [[Obligation of Accused to be Present During Proceedings]]) · [[Role of the Trial Judge]] ([[Procedural Powers of a Preliminary Inquiry Judge]] · [[Judicial Immunity]] · [[Judicial Neutrality and Bias]] · [[Judicial Intervention During Trial]] · [[Reasonable Apprehension of Bias]] · [[Role of Court Administration]]) · [[Functus Officio]])  
* [[Role of the Victim and Third Parties]]


===Disclosure===
===Disclosure===
* [[Crown Duty to Disclose]] ([[Types of Disclosable Materials]] · [[Limitations on Access to Disclosure]]) · [[Police Duty to Collect Evidence]] · [[Lost or Destroyed Evidence]] · [[Disclosure of Third Party Records]] · [[Remedy for Breach of Disclosure Obligation]] · [[Particulars|Demand for Particulars]] · [[Production Orders]] · [[Special Disclosure Issues]] · [[Access to Things Detained Under Section 490]] · [[Access to Court-Filed Exhibits]]
* [[Crown Duty to Disclose]] ([[Types of First-Party Disclosable Materials]] · [[Limitations on Access to Disclosure]]) · [[Right to Make Full Answer and Defence]] · [[Police Duty to Collect Evidence]] · [[Lost or Destroyed Evidence]] · [[Disclosure of Third Party Records]] · [[Remedy for Breach of Disclosure Obligation]] · [[Particulars|Demand for Particulars]] · [[Production Orders]] · [[Special Disclosure Issues]] · [[Access to Things Detained Under Section 490]]


===Courts and Charges===
===Courts and Charges===
* '''Criminal Courts and Charges'''
* '''Criminal Courts and Charges'''
** [[Criminal Courts]] · [[Jurisdiction of the Courts]] ([[Extra-Territorial Jurisdiction of the Courts]] · [[Special Jurisdiction for Offences Over Water]]) · [[Procedure for Young Accused]]
** [[Criminal Courts]] · [[Jurisdiction of the Courts]] ([[Extra-Territorial Jurisdiction of the Courts]] · [[Special Jurisdiction for Offences Over Water]] · [[Special Jurisdiction for Offences Committed on Aircrafts or Spacecrafts]]) · [[Procedure for Young Accused]] · [[Rules of Court]]


*'''[[Informations and Indictments]]'''
*'''[[Informations and Indictments]]'''
** [[Laying of an Information]] · [[Direct Indictments]] · [[Form and Content of Charges]] · [[Joinder and Severance of Charges]] · [[Amendments to Charges]]
** [[Laying of an Information]] · [[Direct Indictments]] · [[Form and Content of Charges]] · [[Joinder and Severance of Charges]] · [[Amendments to Charges]] · [[Judicial Referral Hearing]]
* '''[[Private Prosecutions]]'''
* '''[[Private Prosecutions]]'''
* '''[[Types of Offences]]'''
* '''[[Types of Offences]]''': [[Absolute and Exclusive Jurisdiction Offences]] · [[Section 469 Offences]]
 


* '''Public Access to Courts'''
* '''Public Access to Courts'''
** [[Open Court Principle]] · [[Public and Media Restrictions]] ([[Statutory Publication Ban on Court Proceedings]] · [[Excluding People From Court]]) · [[Publication Bans Relating to Youth Prosecutions]] · [[Access to Records Relating to Youth Prosecutions]] · [[Access to Court-Filed Exhibits]] · [[Sealing and Unsealing Judicial Authorizations]]
** [[Open Court Principle]] · [[Public and Media Restrictions]] ([[Statutory Publication Ban on Identity Information]] · [[Statutory Publication Ban on Evidence]] · [[Excluding People From Court]]) · [[Publication Bans Relating to Youth Prosecutions]] · [[Access to Records Relating to Youth Prosecutions]] · [[Access to Court-Filed Exhibits]] · [[Sealing and Unsealing Judicial Authorizations]]


===Pre-Hearing Stages===
===Pre-Hearing Stages===
* '''Initial Court Appearances'''
* '''Initial Court Appearances'''
** [[Arraignment and Plea]]  ([[Plea of Not Guilty and Other Pleas]]) · [[Election]] ([[Crown Election]] · [[Defence Election]]) · [[Choice of Language]]
** [[Arraignment and Plea]]  ([[Plea of Not Guilty and Other Pleas]] · [[Autrefois Acquit and Autrefois Convict]]) · [[Res Judicata]] ([[Issue Estoppel]]) · [[Election]] ([[Crown Election]] · [[Defence Election]] · [[Defence Re-Election]]) · [[Choice of Language]] · [[Appearance Before a Youth Justice]]
* [[Remote Attendance]]: [[Remote Attendance at the Court of Appeal|In Court of Appeal]] · [[Remote Attendance of Accused|By Accused]] · [[Remote Attendance of Judges or Jurors|Judge and Jurors]] · [[Remote Attendance of Witnesses|Witnesses]] · [[Remote Attendance of Counsel or Certain Other Participants|By Counsel and Others]] ([[Counsel Appearing by Telepresence]])
* '''[[Case Management|Case Management Hearings]]'''
* '''[[Case Management|Case Management Hearings]]'''
* '''[[Applications and Motions Procedure]]'''
* '''[[Applications and Motions Procedure]]'''
** [[Voir Dire]] · [[Charter Applications]] · [[Adjournments]] · [[Public and Media Restrictions|Publication Bans]] · [[Change of Venue]] · [[Peace Bonds]] · [[Rule Against Collateral Attacks on Court Orders]] · [[Judicial Neutrality and Bias]]
** [[Voir Dire]] · [[Charter Applications]] ([[Charter Remedies]]) · [[Adjournments]] · [[Public and Media Restrictions|Publication Bans]] · [[Change of Venue]] · [[Rule Against Collateral Attacks on Court Orders]] · [[Judicial Neutrality and Bias]] · [[Summary Dismissal Applications]]
** [[Peace Bonds]]: [[Peace Bond (Force Marriage)|Forced Marriage]] · [[Peace Bond (Injury)|Injury or Damage]] · [[Peace Bond (Organized Crime)|Organized Crime]] · [[Peace Bond (Serious Personal Injury)|Serious Personal Injury]] · [[Peace Bond (Sexual Offences)|Sexual Offences]] · [[Peace Bond (Terrorism)|Terrorism]] · [[Peace Bond (Vulnerable Witnesses)|Vulnerable Witnesses]] · [[Common Law Peace Bonds]]
* '''Crown or Judge-Ordered Termination of Proceedings'''
* '''Crown or Judge-Ordered Termination of Proceedings'''
** [[Withdraw and Dismissal of Charges]] · [[Constitutional Challenges to Legislation]] · [[Mistrials]] · [[Directed Verdicts]] · [[Stay of Proceedings]] ([[Abuse of Process]], [[Abuse of Process by Crown Counsel|By Crown Counsel]] ([[Prosecutorial Discretion]]), [[Abuse of Process by Law Enforcement|By Law Enforcement]], [[Abuse of Process Remedies|Abuse Remedies]] · [[Right to a Trial Within a Reasonable Time]] ([[Reasons for Delay]]))
** [[Withdraw and Dismissal of Charges]] · [[Constitutional Challenges to Legislation]] · [[Mistrials]] · [[Directed Verdicts]] ·  
* '''Prerogative Writs and Judicial Review'''
** [[Stay of Proceedings]] ([[Charter Remedies]]): [[Stay of Proceedings by Crown]] · [[Judicial Stay of Proceedings]] ([[Abuse of Process]], [[Abuse of Process by Crown Counsel|By Crown Counsel]], [[Abuse of Process by Law Enforcement|By Law Enforcement]] ([[Racial Profiling]]), [[Abuse of Process Remedies|Abuse Remedies]]  
** [[Mandamus, Certiorari, and Prohibition]] · ''[[Habeas Corpus]]''
**[[Right to a Trial Within a Reasonable Time]]: [[Breach Within the Presumptive Ceiling]] · [[Defence Delay Under Jordan Framework|Defence Delay]] · [[Extraordinary Circumstances in Jordan Delay Analysis]]
* '''[[Costs]]'''
*** [[Morin Framework (Pre-Jordan 2016)]] ([[Reasons for Delay (Morin Framework Only)|Reasons for Delay]])  
* '''[[Judicial Review|Prerogative Writs and Judicial Review]]''': [[Writ of Mandamus]]
** [[Mandamus, Certiorari, and Prohibition]] · [[Writ of Certiorari]] · ''[[Habeas Corpus]]''
* '''[[Remedies]]'''
** [[Costs]] · [[Charter Remedies]]


===Substantive Hearings===
===Substantive Hearings===
* '''[[Preliminary Inquiry]]'''
* '''[[Preliminary Inquiry]]'''
** [[Electing a Preliminary Inquiry]] · [[Preliminary Inquiry Evidence]] · [[Air of Reality Test]] · [[Procedural Powers of a Preliminary Inquiry Judge]] · [[Order of Committal to Stand Trial]]
** [[Electing a Preliminary Inquiry]] · [[Statement of Issues and Witnesses Under Section 536.3]] · [[Preliminary Inquiry Evidence]] ([[Admission of Hearsay Evidence at Preliminary Inquiry]]) · [[Air of Reality Test]] · [[Procedural Powers of a Preliminary Inquiry Judge]] · [[Order of Committal to Stand Trial]] · [[Miscellaneous Issues for Preliminary Inquiry]]
* '''[[Trial Process]]'''
* '''[[Trial Process]]'''
** [[Representation at Trial]] · [[Opening and Closing Submissions]] · [[Orders to Exclude Witnesses from Court]] · [[Testimonial Evidence]] · [[Examinations]] ([[Examinations-in-Chief]], [[Cross-Examinations]], [[Re-Direct Examinations]]) · [[Role of Trial Judge]]
** [[Representation at Trial]] ([[Right to Self-Representation]] · [[Court Appointed Counsel]] · [[Amicus Curae]]) · [[Ex Parte Trial Proceedings]] · [[Opening and Closing Address]] · [[Orders to Exclude Witnesses from Court]] · [[Testimonial Evidence]] · [[Examinations]] ([[Examinations-in-Chief]], [[Cross-Examinations]] ([[Confrontation Rule]]), [[Re-Direct Examinations]]) · [[Rebuttal and Reply]]) · [[Reopening the Case]] · [[Role of the Trial Judge]]
** [[Loss of Judge During Proceedings]]
** [[Loss of Judge During Proceedings]]
* '''[[Juries]]'''
* '''[[Juries]]'''
** [[Jury Selection|Selection]] · [[Challenge for Cause]] · [[Jury Procedure|Procedure]] · [[Jury Instructions|Instructions]] · [[Discharging a Juror]]
** [[Juror Eligibility]] · [[Jury Procedure|Procedure]] · [[Jury Selection|Selection]] · [[Right to a Representative Jury]] · [[Selecting Jurors From Panel]] · [[Peremptory Challenge]] · [[Selecting Additional and Alternate Jurors]] · [[Challenge to Jury Panel]] · [[Challenge for Cause]] · [[Jury Instructions|Instructions]] ([[Established Areas of Jury Instruction]]) · [[Jury Questions]] · [[Discharging a Juror]] · [[Jury Deliberations]] · [[Special Issues Relating to Jurors]]
* '''[[Trial Verdicts]]'''
* '''[[Trial Verdicts]]'''
** [[Analyzing Testimony]] ([[Weighing Testimony of the Accused]] · [[Credibility of Complainants or Victims‎‎]] · [[Credibility and Reliability of Child Witnesses]]) · [[Kienapple Principle]] · [[Directed Verdicts]]
** [[Analyzing Testimony]] ([[Weighing Testimony of the Accused]] · [[Credibility of Complainants or Victims‎‎]] · [[Credibility and Reliability of Child Witnesses]])  
** [[Kienapple Principle]] · [[Directed Verdicts]]


===Mental Health Issues===
===Mental Health Issues===
* '''[[Mental Illness]]'''
* '''[[Mental Illness]]'''
** [[Assessment for Fitness and Criminal Responsibility]] · [[Fitness to Stand Trial]] · [[Assessment for Fitness and Criminal Responsibility]] · [[Treatment of an Accused Unfit to Stand Trial]] · [[Not Criminally Responsible Due to Mental Disorder]]
** [[Assessment for Fitness and Criminal Responsibility]] · [[Fitness to Stand Trial]] · [[Treatment of an Accused Unfit to Stand Trial]] · [[Not Criminally Responsible Due to Mental Disorder]] · [[Dual Status Offenders]] · [[Application for High Risk Designation]]
** [[Review Board Detention and Bail]], [[Review Board Disposition Hearings]], [[Review Board Hearing Procedure]], [[Review Board Publication Bans]], [[Review of Review Board]], [[Powers of the Review Board]], [[Appeal of Mental Illness Dispositions]], [[Mental Disorder in Youth Justice]]


===Youth Procedure===
===Youth Procedure===
* [[Procedure Relating to Young Accused]] · [[Right of Youth to Notify Parents]]
* [[Procedure for Young Accused]] · [[Right of Youth to Notify Parents]]


===Appeals===
===Appeals===
* '''[[Appeals]]'''
* '''[[Appeals]]'''
* '''Right to Appeal'''
* '''Right to Appeal'''
** [[Right of Appeal for Indictable Offences]] · [[Right of Appeal for Summary Offences]] · [[Right of Appeal of Verdicts or Sentences for Indictable Offences]] · [[Right of Appeal of Verdicts or Sentences for Summary Offences]] · [[Right of Appeal of a Summary Conviction Appeal Decision]]
** [[Right of Appeal by Accused of Verdicts or Sentences for Indictable Offences]] · [[Right of Appeal of Verdicts or Sentences for Summary Offences]] · [[Right of Appeal of a Summary Conviction Appeal Decision]] · [[Right of Appeal by Crown of Verdicts or Sentences for Indictable Offences]]
* [[Appeals Relating to Young Persons]]
* [[Appeals Relating to Young Persons]]
*[[Standard of Appellate Review|Standard of Review]]  
*[[Standard of Appellate Review|Standard of Review]]  
* [[Grounds of Appeal from Verdicts]]: [[Unreasonable Verdict]] · [[Appeal of an Error of Law]] · [[Appeal on Miscarriage of Justice|Miscarriage of Justice]] ([[Ineffective Counsel]]) · [[Misapprehension of Evidence]] · [[Sufficiency of Reasons]]
* [[Grounds of Appeal from Verdicts]]: [[Unreasonable Verdict]] · [[Appeal of an Error of Law]] · [[Appeal on Miscarriage of Justice|Miscarriage of Justice]] ([[Ineffective Counsel]]) · [[Misapprehension of Evidence]] · [[Sufficiency of Reasons]]
* [[Grounds of Appeal from Sentence]] · [[Appeals Other Than Verdicts or Sentences]]  
* [[Grounds of Appeal from Sentence]] · [[Appeals Other Than Verdicts or Sentences]]  
* [[Remedies on Conviction Appeal]] · [[Remedies on Acquittal Appeal]] · [[Remedies on Sentence Appeal]]
* [[Remedies on Conviction Appeal]] · [[Remedies on Acquittal Appeal]] · [[Remedies on Sentence Appeal]] · [[Appellate Powers to Dismiss an Appeal from Conviction]]
* '''[[Appeal Procedure]]'''
* '''[[Appeal Procedure]]'''
** [[Appeal Procedure For Summary Convictions]] · [[Appeal Procedure For Indictable Convictions]] · [[Representation and Attendance on Appeal]] · [[Appellate Evidence]] · [[Interim Remedies Pending Appeal]] · [[Bail Pending Appeal]]
** [[Appeal Procedure For Summary Convictions]] · [[Appeal Procedure For Indictable Convictions]] · [[Representation and Attendance on Appeal]] · [[Appellate Evidence]] · [[Interim Remedies Pending Appeal]] · [[Bail Pending Appeal]]  
* '''[[Appeals to the Supreme Court of Canada]]'''
* '''[[Appeals to the Supreme Court of Canada]]'''
* '''[[Ministerial Review]]'''
* '''[[Ministerial Review]]'''


===Appendix===
===Appendix===
* [[Criminal Code and Related Definitions|Definitions]] · [[Procedure and Practice Cases|Case Digests]] · [[Procedure and Practice Readings List|Readings]] · [[Criminal Code Forms]] · [[Misc Procedural Provisions]]
* [[Criminal Code and Related Definitions|Definitions]] · [[:Category:Procedure Case Digests|Case Digests]] · [[Procedure and Practice Readings List|Readings]] · [[List of Criminal Code Forms]] · [[Misc Procedural Provisions]] · [[Official Court Forms]]
* [[Precedents and Checklists]]: [[Motions Chart]] · [[Pre-Trial and Trial Motions Checklist|Motions Checklist]] · [[Trial Preparation Checklist]] · [[Bail Checklist]] <!--· [[File Review Checklist]]-->
* [[Precedents, Court Forms and Checklists]]: [[Motions Chart]] · [[Pre-Trial and Trial Motions Checklist|Motions Checklist]] · [[Trial Preparation Checklist]] · [[Bail Checklist]] · [[Trial Judgement]]<!--· [[File Review Checklist]]-->


==Volume V: Sentencing==
==Volume V: Sentencing==
Line 192: Line 222:
===Principles and Factors===
===Principles and Factors===
* '''[[Purpose and Principles of Sentencing]]'''
* '''[[Purpose and Principles of Sentencing]]'''
** [[Proportionality]] · [[Totality Principle|Totality]] · [[Parity Principle]] · [[Restraint Principle]] · [[Jump, Step and Gap Principles]] · [[Aboriginal Sentencing Principles and Factors|Aboriginal Offenders]] · [[Sentencing Starting Points]] · [[Sentencing Ranges]]  
** [[Enumerated Purposes of Sentencing]] · [[Proportionality]] · [[Denunciation and Deterrence]] · [[Totality Principle|Totality]] · [[Parity Principle]] · [[Restraint Principle]] · [[Jump, Step and Gap Principles]] · [[Aboriginal Sentencing Principles and Factors|Aboriginal Offenders]] · [[Sentencing Starting Points]] · [[Sentencing Ranges]]  
** [[Aggravating and Mitigating Factors]]: [[Sentencing Factors Relating to the Offender]] · [[Sentencing Factors Relating to the Offence]] · [[Victims as a Factor in Sentencing]] · [[State and Police Misconduct as a Sentencing Factor]] · [[Effect of Criminal Records in Sentencing]] · [[Position of Trust as a Factor in Sentencing]]
** [[Aggravating and Mitigating Factors]]:  
*** [[Sentencing Factors Relating to the Offender]]: [[Health and Substance Abuse as a Sentencing Factor]] · [[Effect of Criminal Records in Sentencing]] · [[Employment Status as a Factor of Sentencing]] · [[Racial Identity in Sentencing]]
*** [[Sentencing Factors Relating to the Offence]]: [[Victims as a Factor in Sentencing]] · [[Position of Trust as a Factor in Sentencing]]
*** [[Sentencing Factors Relating to the Criminal Proceedings]]: [[State and Police Misconduct as a Sentencing Factor]] · [[Collateral Consequences of Proceedings as a Sentencing Factor]]
** [[Sentencing of Organizations]]
** [[Sentencing of Organizations]]
* '''Principles by Offence'''
* '''Principles by Offence'''
** [[Violent and Assaultive Offences (Sentencing)|Offences of Violence]] · [[Sentencing for Drug Offences|Drug Offences]] · [[Sexual Offences (Sentencing)|Sexual Offences]] · [[Regulatory Offences (Sentencing)|Regulatory Offences]] · [[Sentencing Fraud]] · [[Child Pornography Sentencing]] · [[Weapons Offences (Sentencing)|Weapon Offences]]
** [[Violent and Assaultive Offences (Sentencing)|Offences of Violence]] ([[Intimate Partner Violence Sentencing]] · [[Offences of Violence by Persons in Authority (Sentencing)|By Persons in Authority]] · [[Sentencing for Murder]]) · [[Sentencing for Drug Offences|Drug Offences]] · [[Sentencing for Sexual Offences|Sexual Offences]] ([[Sentencing for Child Sexual Offences|Child Sexual Offences]] · [[Child Pornography Sentencing]]) · [[Regulatory Offences (Sentencing)|Regulatory Offences]] · [[Sentencing Fraud]] · [[Weapons Offences (Sentencing)|Weapon Offences]] · [[Sentencing for Murder|Murder]] · [[Terrorism Offences (Sentencing)|Terrorism Offences]] · [[Property and Fraud Offences (Sentencing)]]


===Tools of Sentencing: Available Sentences===
===Tools of Sentencing: Available Sentences===
* [[Alternative Measures]]: [[Extrajudicial Measures for Young Offenders]]
* [[Alternative Measures]]: [[Extrajudicial Measures for Young Offenders]] · [[Remediation Agreements]]
* Sentences: [[Discharges]] ([[Curative Discharges]]) · [[Probation Orders]] ([[Terms and Conditions of Probation|Terms and Conditions]] · [[Restitution]]) · [[Fines]] · [[Imprisonment]] · [[Conditional Sentences]] ([[Terms and Conditions of a Conditional Sentence Order]] · [[Conditional Sentence Breaches]])
* Sentences: [[Discharges]] ([[Curative Discharges]]) · [[Probation Orders]] ([[Terms and Conditions of Probation|Terms and Conditions]] · [[Restitution]] · [[Variation of Probation Orders]]) · [[Fines]] · [[Imprisonment]] · [[Conditional Sentences]] ([[Terms and Conditions of a Conditional Sentence Order]] · [[Conditional Sentence Breaches]])
* [[Concurrent and Consecutive Sentences]] · [[Maximum and Minimum Sentences]] · [[Life Sentences]]
* [[Concurrent and Consecutive Sentences]] · [[Maximum and Minimum Sentences]] ([[Statutory Maximum Penalties]] · [[Mandatory Minimum Penalties]] · [[List of Mandatory Minimum Challenges]]) · [[Life Sentences]]


===Tools of Sentencing: Ancillary Orders===
===Tools of Sentencing: Ancillary Orders===


*'''Ancillary Investigative Orders
* [[Ancillary Orders]]
** [[DNA Orders]] · [[SOIRA Orders]]
*'''Ancillary Investigative Orders'''
** [[DNA Orders]] ([[List of Primary Designated DNA Offences|Primary Designated Offences]] · [[List of Secondary Designated DNA Offences (Group A)|Secondary Designated Offences, A]] · [[List of Secondary Designated DNA Offences (Group C)|Secondary Designated Offences, C]]) · [[Miscellaneous DNA Provisions]]
** [[SOIRA Orders]] ([[SOIRA Designated Offences|Designated Offences]] · [[SOIRA Notice Convictions Outside Canada|Notices Outside Canada]] · [[SOIRA Notice Convictions Pre-December 15, 2004|Notices Pre-2004]]) · [[Duration of SOIRA Orders]] · [[Early Termination of SOIRA Orders]]
* '''Ancillary Prohibition Orders'''
* '''Ancillary Prohibition Orders'''
** [[Section 161 Orders]] · [[Weapons Prohibition Orders]] · [[Firearms Prohibition Orders]] · [[Fraud Prohibition Orders]] · [[Animal Prohibition Orders]] · [[Driving Prohibition Orders]]
** [[Section 161 Orders]] · [[Weapons Prohibition Orders]] · [[Firearms Prohibition Orders]] ([[Emergency Firearms Prohibition Orders]]) · [[Fraud Prohibition Orders]] · [[Animal Prohibition Orders]] · [[Driving Prohibition Orders]]
*'''Ancillary Fine and Restitution Orders:'''
*'''Ancillary Fine and Restitution Orders:'''
** [[Restitution|Stand-alone Restitution Orders]] · [[Fines#Victim Fine Surcharge|Victim Fine Surcharge]] · [[Fine in Lieu of Forfeiture]]
** [[Restitution|Stand-alone Restitution Orders]] · [[Victim Fine Surcharge]] · [[Fine in Lieu of Forfeiture]]
* '''[[Forfeiture Orders]]'''
* '''[[Forfeiture Orders]]'''
** [[Forfeiture of Proceeds of Crime]] · [[Forfeiture of Offence-related Property]] · [[Forfeiture of Offence-related Property Under the CDSA]] · [[Detention Order for Things Seized Under Section 489 or 487.11]]
** [[Forfeiture of Proceeds of Crime]] ([[Proceeds of Crime Disclosure Order]] · [[Proceeds of Crime Search Warrant]])
** [[Forfeiture of Offence-related Property]] · [[Forfeiture of Offence-related Property Under the CDSA]] · [[Detention Order for Things Seized Under Section 489 or 487.11]]


===Procedure===
===Procedure===
* '''[[Sentencing Procedure]]'''
* '''[[Sentencing Procedure]]'''
** [[Overview of Sentencing]] · [[Guilty Plea]] · [[Notice of Increased Penalty]] · [[Sentencing Evidence|Evidence]] · [[Pre-Sentence Reports]] · [[Victim Impact Statements]] · [[Plea Bargains]] · [[Remand Credit]] · [[Charter Issues in Sentencing|Charter Issues]] ([[Retrospective Punishments]]) · [[Sentencing Circles]]
** [[Overview of Sentencing]] · [[Guilty Plea]] · [[Notice of Increased Penalty]] · [[Sentencing Evidence|Evidence]] · [[Pre-Sentence Reports]] · [[Victim Impact Statements]] · [[Plea Bargains]] · [[Remand Credit]] ([[Strict Bail Conditions Credit]]) · [[Charter Issues in Sentencing|Charter Issues]] ([[Retrospective Punishments]]) · [[Sentencing Circles]]


===Serving Sentences and Afterwards===
===Serving Sentences and Afterwards===
* [[Serving Sentences]] · [[Consequences of Criminal Records After Sentencing]] ([[Pardons and Record Suspensions]] · [[Immigration Consequences from a Conviction]])
* [[Serving Sentences]] · [[Consequences of Criminal Records After Sentencing]] ([[Pardons and Record Suspensions]] · [[Immigration Consequences from a Conviction]])
* [[Parole]]: [[Delayed Parole Eligibility]] · [[Judicial Review of Parole Ineligibility]] · [[Judicial Review of Parole Ineligibility for Murder]]
* [[Parole]]: [[Application for Parole]] · [[Delayed Parole Eligibility]] · [[Judicial Review of Parole Ineligibility]] · [[Judicial Review of Parole Ineligibility for Murder]]
* '''[[Long-Term and Dangerous Offender Designation]]''':  
* '''[[Long-Term and Dangerous Offender Designation]]''':  
** [[Remand Assessment for LTO/DO Applications]] · [[List of Dangerous Offender Designated Offences]] · [[Requirements for a Long Term Offender Designation]] · [[Serious Personal Injury Offences]] · [[Consequences of a Long Term Offender Designation]] · [[Requirements for a Dangerous Offender Designation]] · [[Consequences of a Dangerous Offender Designation]] · [[Procedure in a LTO/DO Designation Hearing]] · [[Appellate Review of an LTO or DO Designation]]
** [[Remand Assessment for LTO/DO Applications]] · [[List of Dangerous Offender Designated Offences]] · [[Requirements for a Long Term Offender Designation]] · [[Serious Personal Injury Offences]] · [[Consequences of a Long Term Offender Designation]] · [[Requirements for a Dangerous Offender Designation]] · [[Consequences of a Dangerous Offender Designation]] · [[Procedure in a LTO/DO Designation Hearing]] · [[Appellate Review of an LTO or DO Designation]]


===Young Offenders===
===Young Offenders===
* [[Sentencing Young Offenders]] · [[Principles and Purposes of Youth Sentencing]] · [[Youth Pre-Sentence Reports]] · [[Dispositions for Young Offenders]] · [[Adult Sentences for Young Offenders]] · [[Procedure for Young Accused]] · [[Bail for Young Persons]] · [[Custody and Supervision Orders]]
* [[Youth Criminal Justice]] · [[Miscellaneous Authority of a Youth Court Justice]]
* [[Procedure for Young Accused]] · [[Bail for Young Accused]] · [[Defence Election for Young Accused]]
* [[Sentencing Young Offenders]] · [[Principles and Purposes of Youth Sentencing]] · [[Factors of Youth Sentencing]] · [[Youth Pre-Sentence Reports]]  
* [[Dispositions for Young Offenders]]: [[Adult Sentences for Young Offenders]] · [[Custody and Supervision Orders]] · [[Youth Serving Custody Sentences]] · [[Youth Probation Orders]] · [[Conditional Supervision Order]] · [[Concurrent and Consecutive Youth Sentences]]  


===Military===
===Military===
Line 231: Line 270:


===Appendix===
===Appendix===
* [[Sentencing Cases|Case Digests]] · [[Sentencing Checklists|Checklist]] · [[Offences by Penalty|Index of Offences by Penalty]]
* [[Sentencing Cases|Case Digests]] · [[Sentencing Checklists|Checklist]] · [[Offences by Penalty|Index of Offences by Penalty]] · [[CCRA Schedules]]


==Full Text By Volume==
==Full Text By Volume==
* [[FULL_TEXT_VOL_1|Volume 1]]: Criminal Law (large page)
* [[Full Text:Volume 1|Volume 1]]: Criminal Law (large page)
* [[FULL_TEXT_VOL_2|Volume 2]]: Evidence (large page)
* [[Full Text:Volume 1.1|Volume 1.1]]: Offence Profiles (large page)
* [[FULL_TEXT_VOL_3|Volume 3]]: Search and Seizure (large page)
** [[Full Text:Volume 1.1A]] (Terrorism, Organized Crime, Weapons)
* [[FULL_TEXT_VOL_4|Volume 4]]: Procedure and Practice (large page)
** [[Full Text:Volume 1.1B]] (Sexual Offences and Disorder Offences)
* [[FULL_TEXT_VOL_5|Volume 5]]: Sentencing (large page)
** [[Full Text:Volume 1.1C]] (Violent Offences and Homicide)
** [[Full Text:Volume 1.1D]] (Administration of Justice Offences)
** [[Full Text:Volume 1.1E]] (Motor Vehicle Offences)
** [[Full Text:Volume 1.1F]] (Property Offences and Corruption Offences)
** [[Full Text:Volume 1.1G]] (Drug Offences)
** [[Full Text:Volume 1.1H]] (Gaming, Hate Speech, Libel, Regulatory)
** [[Full Text:Volume 1.1I]] (Repealed and Unconstitutional Offences)
** [[Full Text:Volume 1.1J]] (Misc Offences)
* [[Full Text:Volume 2|Volume 2]]: Evidence (large page)
* [[Full Text:Volume 3|Volume 3]]: Search and Seizure (large page)
* [[Full Text:Volume 4|Volume 4]]: Procedure and Practice (large page)
** [[Full Text:Volume 4A]] - Police Powers and Bail
** [[Full Text:Volume 4B]] - Pre-trial Matters
** [[Full Text:Volume 4C]] - Preliminiary Inquiry, Trial and Verdict
** [[Full Text:Volume 4D]] - Mental Health
** [[Full Text:Volume 4E]] - Appeals
* [[Full Text:Volume 5|Volume 5]]: Sentencing (large page)
* [[Full Text:Volume 6|Volume 6]]: Case Digests (large page)
* [[Full Text:Volume 7|Volume 7]]: Reference Materials (large page)
 
[[Category:Administrative]]
[[Category:Criminal Law]]
 
<!--
Bail Release Form
Contempt of Court (Common Law)
Counterfeiting (Trial Verdicts)
Criminal Code Section Cheat Sheet
Curative Discharges (Until December 13, 2018)
 
Disposition Form (Adult)
Disposition Form (Youth)
Draft Form of Charges
Draft Informations and Indictments
Draft Jury Decision Trees
 
Example Final Jury Instructions
Example Final Jury Instructions (Conclusion, Deliberation and Parole)
Example Final Jury Instructions (Duties)
Example Final Jury Instructions (Evidence)
Example Final Jury Instructions (General Principles)
Example Final Jury Instructions (Offences and Defences)
Example Jury Instructions
Example Jury Selection Instructions
Example Mid-Trial Jury Instructions
Example Preliminary Jury Instructions
 
Exemption for Medical Emergency
Exemptions for Gaming Offences
Exemptions for Lottery Offences
Forms
Fraud (Trial Verdicts)
Generic Decision
Guilty Plea Checklist
 
Juvenile Delinquents Act
List of Criminal Code Amendments (2000 to 2009)
List of Criminal Code Amendments (2010 to 2019)
List of Criminal Code Amendments (2020 to present)
 
Membership of Federal Appointments Committees
Objections Cheatsheet
Peremptory Challenge (Prior to September 19, 2019)
Police Checklists
 
Police Orders and Demands Chart
Principles and Factors of Sentencing Cases
Procedure and Practice Readings List
 
Reasonable Person Test
Repealed Provisions (Part XV)
Repealed Provisions (Part XXVIII)
 
Sentencing Brief (Generic)
Sentencing Judgement
Sentencing Table
Sentencing for Fraud Over $5,000 Brief
Sentencing for Luring Brief
 
Voir Dire Decision
 
-->

Latest revision as of 20:31, 3 September 2024


Volume I: Criminal Law

Volume II: Evidence

Basic Principles

Forms of Evidence

Limits on the Admissibility of Evidence


Volume III: Search and Seizure

Seizure and Forfeiture Powers

Exclusion of Evidence

Appendix

Volume IV: Procedure and Practice

Arrest, Detention and Release

The Parties in a Proceeding

Disclosure

Courts and Charges


Pre-Hearing Stages

Substantive Hearings

Mental Health Issues

Youth Procedure

Appeals

Appendix

Volume V: Sentencing

Principles and Factors

Tools of Sentencing: Available Sentences

Tools of Sentencing: Ancillary Orders

Procedure

Serving Sentences and Afterwards

Young Offenders

Military

Appendix

Full Text By Volume


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