Quebec Court of Appeal: Difference between revisions
Appearance
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! Nominated By | ! Nominated By | ||
! Position Prior to Appointment | ! Position Prior to Appointment | ||
! Other Details | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Chief Justice Nicole Duval Hesler<ref>{{cite news|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118224651/http://pm.gc.ca/eng/media.asp?category=1&pageId=26&id=4387}}</ref> | |Chief Justice Nicole Duval Hesler<ref>{{cite news|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118224651/http://pm.gc.ca/eng/media.asp?category=1&pageId=26&id=4387}}</ref> | ||
|{{dts|November 22, 2006}} <br> October 7, 2011 (as Chief Justice) | |{{dts|November 22, 2006}} <br> October 7, 2011 (as Chief Justice) | ||
| | |Harper | ||
|[[Quebec Superior Court]] <br> Court of Appeal | |[[Quebec Superior Court]] <br> Court of Appeal | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|hesler}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice François Doyon<ref>{{cite news|title=Quebec Judicial Appointment Announced|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613192409/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/eng/news-nouv/ja-nj/2004/doc_31184.html}}</ref> | |Justice François Doyon<ref>{{cite news|title=Quebec Judicial Appointment Announced|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613192409/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/eng/news-nouv/ja-nj/2004/doc_31184.html}}</ref> | ||
|{{dts|May 7, 2004}} | |{{dts|May 7, 2004}} | ||
| | |Martin | ||
|[[Court of Quebec]]<br>Assistant chief prosecutor<Br> Called to bar (1975) | |[[Court of Quebec]]<br>Assistant chief prosecutor<Br> Called to bar (1975) | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|doyon}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Marie-France Bich [https://web.archive.org/web/20060414081625/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2004/doc_31230.html] | |Justice Marie-France Bich [https://web.archive.org/web/20060414081625/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2004/doc_31230.html] | ||
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|Harper | |Harper | ||
|Dean of [[McGill University Faculty of Law|McGill Law]] | |Dean of [[McGill University Faculty of Law|McGill Law]] | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|kasirer}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Guy Gagnon | |Justice Guy Gagnon | ||
Line 33: | Line 37: | ||
|Harper | |Harper | ||
|Chief Justice of the [[Court of Quebec]] | |Chief Justice of the [[Court of Quebec]] | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|gagnon}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Marie St-Pierre [https://web.archive.org/web/20031114170145/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2002/doc_30517.html] | |Justice Marie St-Pierre [https://web.archive.org/web/20031114170145/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2002/doc_30517.html] | ||
|April 10, 2012 | |April 10, 2012 | ||
|Harper | |Harper | ||
| | |Quebec Superior Court (2002 to 2012)<br>Desjardins, Ducharme, Stein, Monast<Br> Blain Piché Emery<Br>Called to bar (1979) | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|st-pierre}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Dominique Bélanger [https://web.archive.org/web/20050511014137/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2005/doc_31462.html] | |Justice Dominique Bélanger [https://web.archive.org/web/20050511014137/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2005/doc_31462.html] | ||
|November 2, 2012 | |November 2, 2012 | ||
|Harper | |Harper | ||
| | |Quebec Superior Court (2005 to 2012)<bR> Called to bar (1980) | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|Bélanger}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Manon Savard | |Justice Manon Savard | ||
|April 26, 2013 | |April 26, 2013 | ||
|Harper | |Harper | ||
| | |Quebec Superior Court | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|savard}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Claude C. Gagnon [http://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/news-nouv/ja-nj/2013/doc_32989.html] | |Justice Claude C. Gagnon [http://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/news-nouv/ja-nj/2013/doc_32989.html] | ||
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|Harper | |Harper | ||
|[[Quebec Superior Court]] | |[[Quebec Superior Court]] | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|gagnon}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Martin Vauclair | |Justice Martin Vauclair | ||
Line 58: | Line 67: | ||
|Harper | |Harper | ||
|[[Quebec Superior Court]] | |[[Quebec Superior Court]] | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|vauclair}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Geneviève Marcotte | |Justice Geneviève Marcotte | ||
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|Harper | |Harper | ||
|[[Quebec Superior Court]] | |[[Quebec Superior Court]] | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|marcotte}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Mark Schrager | |Justice Mark Schrager | ||
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|Harper | |Harper | ||
|[[Quebec Superior Court]] | |[[Quebec Superior Court]] | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|schrager}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Robert Mainville | |Justice Robert Mainville | ||
|July 1, 2014 | |July 1, 2014 | ||
|Harper | |Harper | ||
| | |Federal Court of Appeal | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|mainville}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Marie-Josée Hogue [https://www.canada.ca/en/news/archive/2015/06/quebec-judicial-appointments-announced.html] | |Justice Marie-Josée Hogue [https://www.canada.ca/en/news/archive/2015/06/quebec-judicial-appointments-announced.html] | ||
Line 78: | Line 91: | ||
|Harper | |Harper | ||
|Lawyer at [[McCarthy Tétrault]] <br> | |Lawyer at [[McCarthy Tétrault]] <br> | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|hogue}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Patrick Healy | |Justice Patrick Healy | ||
Line 83: | Line 97: | ||
|J. Trudeau | |J. Trudeau | ||
|[[Court of Quebec]] | |[[Court of Quebec]] | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|healy}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Simon Ruel | |Justice Simon Ruel | ||
Line 88: | Line 103: | ||
|J. Trudeau | |J. Trudeau | ||
|[[Quebec Superior Court]] | |[[Quebec Superior Court]] | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|ruel}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Jocelyn F. Rancourt [https://www.canada.ca/en/news/archive/2015/06/quebec-judicial-appointments-announced.html] | |Justice Jocelyn F. Rancourt [https://www.canada.ca/en/news/archive/2015/06/quebec-judicial-appointments-announced.html] | ||
|June 23, 2017 | |June 23, 2017 | ||
|J. Trudeau | |J. Trudeau | ||
| | |Quebec Superior Court | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|rancourt}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Claudine Roy [https://www.canada.ca/en/department-justice/news/2017/08/government_of_canadaannouncesjudicialappointmentsintheprovinceof.html] | |Justice Claudine Roy [https://www.canada.ca/en/department-justice/news/2017/08/government_of_canadaannouncesjudicialappointmentsintheprovinceof.html] | ||
Line 98: | Line 115: | ||
|J. Trudeau | |J. Trudeau | ||
|[[Quebec Superior Court]] (2003 to 2017) | |[[Quebec Superior Court]] (2003 to 2017) | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|roy}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Suzanne Gagné | |Justice Suzanne Gagné | ||
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|J. Trudeau | |J. Trudeau | ||
|[[Quebec Superior Court]] | |[[Quebec Superior Court]] | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|gagne}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Genevieve Cotnam [https://www.canada.ca/en/department-justice/news/2018/06/government-of-canada-announces-judicial-appointment-in-the-province-of-quebec.html] | |Justice Genevieve Cotnam [https://www.canada.ca/en/department-justice/news/2018/06/government-of-canada-announces-judicial-appointment-in-the-province-of-quebec.html] | ||
Line 108: | Line 127: | ||
|J. Trudeau | |J. Trudeau | ||
|[[Court of Quebec]]<br>Stein Monast (2003-2016)<br>Flynn Rivard (1990-2003)<br> Called to bar (1990) | |[[Court of Quebec]]<br>Stein Monast (2003-2016)<br>Flynn Rivard (1990-2003)<br> Called to bar (1990) | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|cotnam}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Stephen Hamilton | |Justice Stephen Hamilton | ||
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|J. Trudeau | |J. Trudeau | ||
|[[Quebec Superior Court]] | |[[Quebec Superior Court]] | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|hamilton}} | |||
|} | |} | ||
Line 122: | Line 143: | ||
! Nominated By | ! Nominated By | ||
! Position Prior to Appointment | ! Position Prior to Appointment | ||
! Other Details | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Jacques Chamberland* | |Justice Jacques Chamberland* | ||
Line 127: | Line 149: | ||
|Mulroney | |Mulroney | ||
|Deputy Attorney General for Quebec | |Deputy Attorney General for Quebec | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice France Thibault* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050118111630/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/1998/que0212.html] | |Justice France Thibault* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050118111630/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/1998/que0212.html] | ||
Line 132: | Line 155: | ||
|Chretien | |Chretien | ||
|[[Quebec Superior Court]] (1994 to 1998)<br>Grondin, Poudrier<br> Called to bar (1976) | |[[Quebec Superior Court]] (1994 to 1998)<br>Grondin, Poudrier<br> Called to bar (1976) | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Louis Rochette* [https://web.archive.org/web/20030923023348/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2000/doc_24949.html] | |Justice Louis Rochette* [https://web.archive.org/web/20030923023348/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2000/doc_24949.html] | ||
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|Chretien | |Chretien | ||
|[[Quebec Superior Court]] (1994 to 2000)<br>Called to bar (1974) | |[[Quebec Superior Court]] (1994 to 2000)<br>Called to bar (1974) | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice François Pelletier* [https://web.archive.org/web/20030923004306/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/1997/que09.html] [https://web.archive.org/web/20030923004620/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2000/doc_25317.html] | |Justice François Pelletier* [https://web.archive.org/web/20030923004306/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/1997/que09.html] [https://web.archive.org/web/20030923004620/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2000/doc_25317.html] | ||
Line 142: | Line 167: | ||
|Chretien | |Chretien | ||
|[[Quebec Superior Court]]<br> Pouliot, L'Écuyer (1995 to 1997)<Br>Vézina, Pouliot (1972 to 1995) <br> Amyot, Lesage (1970 to 1972)<br> Called to bar (1970) | |[[Quebec Superior Court]]<br> Pouliot, L'Écuyer (1995 to 1997)<Br>Vézina, Pouliot (1972 to 1995) <br> Amyot, Lesage (1970 to 1972)<br> Called to bar (1970) | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Benoît Morin* [https://web.archive.org/web/20041115183256/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2001/doc_28099.html] | |Justice Benoît Morin* [https://web.archive.org/web/20041115183256/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2001/doc_28099.html] | ||
Line 147: | Line 173: | ||
|Chretien | |Chretien | ||
|[[Quebec Superior Court]] (1994 to 2001)<br> Called to bar (1965) | |[[Quebec Superior Court]] (1994 to 2001)<br> Called to bar (1965) | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Yves-Marie Morissette [https://web.archive.org/web/20031114172310/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2002/doc_30736.html] | |Justice Yves-Marie Morissette [https://web.archive.org/web/20031114172310/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2002/doc_30736.html] | ||
Line 152: | Line 179: | ||
|Chretien | |Chretien | ||
|Professor at [[McGill University Faculty of Law|McGill Law]]<br> Called to bar (1977) | |Professor at [[McGill University Faculty of Law|McGill Law]]<br> Called to bar (1977) | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Allan R. Hilton* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050424033003/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2003/doc_31000.html] | |Justice Allan R. Hilton* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050424033003/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2003/doc_31000.html] | ||
Line 157: | Line 185: | ||
|Chretien | |Chretien | ||
|[[Quebec Superior Court]] | |[[Quebec Superior Court]] | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Julie Dutil* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060414081625/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2004/doc_31230.html] | |Justice Julie Dutil* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060414081625/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2004/doc_31230.html] | ||
Line 162: | Line 191: | ||
|Martin | |Martin | ||
|[[Quebec Superior Court]]<br>Called to bar (1980) | |[[Quebec Superior Court]]<br>Called to bar (1980) | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Paul Vézina* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050310124144/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2005/doc_31402.html] | |Justice Paul Vézina* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050310124144/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2005/doc_31402.html] | ||
Line 167: | Line 197: | ||
|Martin | |Martin | ||
|[[Quebec Superior Court]] | |[[Quebec Superior Court]] | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Lorne Giroux* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050310124144/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2005/doc_31402.html] | |Justice Lorne Giroux* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050310124144/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2005/doc_31402.html] | ||
Line 172: | Line 203: | ||
|Martin | |Martin | ||
|Professor at [[Faculté de droit (Université Laval)|Université Laval Faculty of Law]] <Br> Called to bar (1969) | |Professor at [[Faculté de droit (Université Laval)|Université Laval Faculty of Law]] <Br> Called to bar (1969) | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Jacques Dufresne* | |Justice Jacques Dufresne* | ||
Line 177: | Line 209: | ||
|Martin | |Martin | ||
|[[Quebec Superior Court]] | |[[Quebec Superior Court]] | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Jean Bouchard* [https://web.archive.org/web/20030923023420/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2000/doc_25043.html] | |Justice Jean Bouchard* [https://web.archive.org/web/20030923023420/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/2000/doc_25043.html] | ||
|October 1, 2009 (Judge)<Br>September 1, 2017 (sup.) | |October 1, 2009 (Judge)<Br>September 1, 2017 (sup.) | ||
|Harper | |Harper | ||
| | |Quebec Superior Court<br> Called to bar (1978) | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Justice Jacques Levesque* | |Justice Jacques Levesque* | ||
|November 2, 2012 | |November 2, 2012 | ||
|Harper | |Harper | ||
| | |Quebec Superior Court | ||
|{{publishedQCCA|}} | |||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 09:53, 15 October 2018
These tables are adapted from Wikipedia and remain licenced under the same terms and conditions |
Current Judges
(Full complement of 21)
Position / Name | Appointed | Nominated By | Position Prior to Appointment | Other Details |
---|---|---|---|---|
Chief Justice Nicole Duval Hesler[1] | November 22, 2006 October 7, 2011 (as Chief Justice) |
Harper | Quebec Superior Court Court of Appeal |
Published criminal decisions |
Justice François Doyon[2] | May 7, 2004 | Martin | Court of Quebec Assistant chief prosecutor Called to bar (1975) |
Published criminal decisions |
Justice Marie-France Bich [1] | September 24, 2004 | Martin | Professor at Universite de Montreal Faculty of Law | |
Justice Nicholas Kasirer | July 31, 2009 | Harper | Dean of McGill Law | Published criminal decisions |
Justice Guy Gagnon | September 29, 2009 | Harper | Chief Justice of the Court of Quebec | Published criminal decisions |
Justice Marie St-Pierre [2] | April 10, 2012 | Harper | Quebec Superior Court (2002 to 2012) Desjardins, Ducharme, Stein, Monast Blain Piché Emery Called to bar (1979) |
Published criminal decisions |
Justice Dominique Bélanger [3] | November 2, 2012 | Harper | Quebec Superior Court (2005 to 2012) Called to bar (1980) |
Published criminal decisions |
Justice Manon Savard | April 26, 2013 | Harper | Quebec Superior Court | Published criminal decisions |
Justice Claude C. Gagnon [4] | November 8, 2013 | Harper | Quebec Superior Court | Published criminal decisions |
Justice Martin Vauclair | December 19, 2013 | Harper | Quebec Superior Court | Published criminal decisions |
Justice Geneviève Marcotte | April 11, 2014 | Harper | Quebec Superior Court | Published criminal decisions |
Justice Mark Schrager | June 13, 2014 | Harper | Quebec Superior Court | Published criminal decisions |
Justice Robert Mainville | July 1, 2014 | Harper | Federal Court of Appeal | Published criminal decisions |
Justice Marie-Josée Hogue [5] | June 30, 2015 | Harper | Lawyer at McCarthy Tétrault |
Published criminal decisions |
Justice Patrick Healy | October 20, 2016 | J. Trudeau | Court of Quebec | Published criminal decisions |
Justice Simon Ruel | June 23, 2017 | J. Trudeau | Quebec Superior Court | Published criminal decisions |
Justice Jocelyn F. Rancourt [6] | June 23, 2017 | J. Trudeau | Quebec Superior Court | Published criminal decisions |
Justice Claudine Roy [7] | August 17, 2017 | J. Trudeau | Quebec Superior Court (2003 to 2017) | Published criminal decisions |
Justice Suzanne Gagné | November 29, 2017 | J. Trudeau | Quebec Superior Court | Published criminal decisions |
Justice Genevieve Cotnam [8] | June 22, 2018 | J. Trudeau | Court of Quebec Stein Monast (2003-2016) Flynn Rivard (1990-2003) Called to bar (1990) |
Published criminal decisions |
Justice Stephen Hamilton | August 31, 2018 | J. Trudeau | Quebec Superior Court | Published criminal decisions |
Supernumerary judges
Position / Name | Appointed | Nominated By | Position Prior to Appointment | Other Details |
---|---|---|---|---|
Justice Jacques Chamberland* | June 10, 1993 (Judge) October 11, 2011 (sup.) |
Mulroney | Deputy Attorney General for Quebec | Published criminal decisions |
Justice France Thibault* [9] | December 1, 1998 | Chretien | Quebec Superior Court (1994 to 1998) Grondin, Poudrier Called to bar (1976) |
Published criminal decisions |
Justice Louis Rochette* [10] | February 1, 2000 | Chretien | Quebec Superior Court (1994 to 2000) Called to bar (1974) |
Published criminal decisions |
Justice François Pelletier* [11] [12] | June 6, 2000 | Chretien | Quebec Superior Court Pouliot, L'Écuyer (1995 to 1997) Vézina, Pouliot (1972 to 1995) Amyot, Lesage (1970 to 1972) Called to bar (1970) |
Published criminal decisions |
Justice Benoît Morin* [13] | December 4, 2001 | Chretien | Quebec Superior Court (1994 to 2001) Called to bar (1965) |
Published criminal decisions |
Justice Yves-Marie Morissette [14] | November 7, 2002 | Chretien | Professor at McGill Law Called to bar (1977) |
Published criminal decisions |
Justice Allan R. Hilton* [15] | September 26, 2003 | Chretien | Quebec Superior Court | Published criminal decisions |
Justice Julie Dutil* [16] | September 24, 2004 | Martin | Quebec Superior Court Called to bar (1980) |
Published criminal decisions |
Justice Paul Vézina* [17] | February 25, 2005 | Martin | Quebec Superior Court | Published criminal decisions |
Justice Lorne Giroux* [18] | February 25, 2005 (Judge) June 30, 2015 (Sup.) |
Martin | Professor at Université Laval Faculty of Law Called to bar (1969) |
Published criminal decisions |
Justice Jacques Dufresne* | May 13, 2005 | Martin | Quebec Superior Court | Published criminal decisions |
Justice Jean Bouchard* [19] | October 1, 2009 (Judge) September 1, 2017 (sup.) |
Harper | Quebec Superior Court Called to bar (1978) |
Published criminal decisions |
Justice Jacques Levesque* | November 2, 2012 | Harper | Quebec Superior Court | Published criminal decisions |
Former Justices
Position / Name | Duration | Nominated By | Prior Position(s) |
---|---|---|---|
Julien Chouinard | 1974 – September 1979 | ||
Claire L'Heureux-Dubé (Appointed to SCC April 1987) |
1979 – April 1987 | Superior Court (1973 to 1979) L'Heureux, Philippon, Garneau, Tourigny, St-Arnaud & Associates Called to bar (1951) | |
Antonio Lamer | 1978 - March 1980 | ||
Louis LeBel | June 1984 – January 2000 | ||
Morris Fish | June 1989 – August 2003 | ||
Marie Deschamps | March 1992 – August 2002 | ||
Jean-Louis Baudouin | May 1989 – 2008 | ||
Richard Wagner | February 2011 – October 2012 | ||
Marie St-Pierre [20] | April 10, 2012 - ? | ||
Clément Gascon | April 10, 2012 - June 9, 2014 [21] [22] | ||
Joseph Nuss [3] | |||
J. Michel Robert[3] | |||
Armand Forget[4] | |||
Louise Otis [23] | |||
Robert Pidgeon [24] | |||
Pierre J. Dalphond [25] | ? - November 4, 2014 | ||
Pierrette Rayle [26] | |||
André Rochon [27] | |||
C.R. Vallerand | |||
M.L. Rothman | |||
H. Steinberg | ? - 1995 |
Chief Justice of Lower Canada
Name | Duration |
---|---|
William Smith (chief justice) | 1791-1793 |
William Osgoode | 1794-1801 |
John Elmsley | 1802-1805 |
Henry Allcock | 1805-1808 |
Jonathan Sewell | 1808-1838 |
Sir James Stuart, 1st Baronet | 1838-1841 |
Chief Justice of Canada East
- Sir James Stuart, 1st Baronet 1841-49
Chief Justice of Court of Queen's Bench
- Sir James Stuart, 1st Baronet 1849-53
References
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20120118224651/http://pm.gc.ca/eng/media.asp?category=1&pageId=26&id=4387
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20110613192409/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/eng/news-nouv/ja-nj/2004/doc_31184.html
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 https://web.archive.org/web/20031111225143/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/1995/QUE9.html
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20031111225554/http://www.justice.gc.ca:80/en/news/ja/1996/QUE17.html