Bail Consequences Upon Alleged Misconduct
| This page was last substantively updated or reviewed January 2020. (Rev. # 95306) |
General Principles
The term "revocation" refers to the "process of dealing with alleged misconduct of an accused on judicial interim."[1]
- Application of Bail Procedure
524
[omitted (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6) and (7)]
- Provisions applicable to proceedings under this section
(8) The provisions of sections 516 to 519 [select provisions relating to bail process] apply with any modifications that the circumstances require in respect of any proceedings under this section, except that subsection 518(2) [release on guilty plea pending sentence] does not apply in respect of an accused who is charged with an offence mentioned in section 469.
[omitted (9) and (10)]
R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 524; 1999, c. 3, s. 33; 2019, c. 25, s. 234.
[annotation(s) added]
Revoke or Cancel Release on Other Charges
524
[omitted (1) and (2)]
- Cancellation
(3) The judge or justice who hears the matter shall cancel a summons, appearance notice, undertaking or release order in respect of the accused if the judge or justice finds that
- (a) the accused has contravened or had been about to contravene the summons, appearance notice, undertaking or release order; or
- (b) there are reasonable grounds to believe that the accused has committed an indictable offence while being subject to the summons, appearance notice, undertaking or release order.
[omitted (4), (5), (6), (7), (8) (9) and (10)]
R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 524; 1999, c. 3, s. 33; 2019, c. 25, s. 234.
[annotation(s) added]
- Burden Standard of Proof
The standard of proof under s. 524 is on proof of "reasonable ground" while under s. 524(b) is on proof of balance of probabilities.[2] The burden is upon the Crown.[3]
- Effect of Cancellation
524 [omitted (1), (2) and (3)]
- Detention
(4) If the judge or justice cancels the summons, appearance notice, undertaking or release order, the judge or justice shall order that the accused be detained in custody unless the accused, having been given a reasonable opportunity to do so, shows cause why their detention in custody is not justified under subsection 515(10) [justification for detention in custody].
[omitted (5), (6), (7), (8) (9) and (10)]
R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 524; 1999, c. 3, s. 33; 2019, c. 25, s. 234.
[annotation(s) added]
Once a judge cancels a prior release order, they must make a detention order. No show cause hearing is needed before doing so.[4]
Once cancelled the "second stage" of the 524 process says that the accused must be given reasonable opportunity to show cause as to why his detention should not be justified within the meaning of s. 515(10).[5]
A 524 detention order is different from a 516 order of remand whereby a 524 detention order does not have a 3 day limit in the same way as a 516 remand order.[6]
- Section 469 Offences
When an accused is granted bail in relation to any charge of murder (or any s 469 offences) and the accused is subsequently arrested for breach of recognizance, "the superior court has jurisdiction, whether under section 524(4) or under section 521 of the Criminal Code, to revoke the accused's bail on the murder charges”.[7]
- ↑ R v Rhodes, 2013 MBQB 248 (CanLII), 297 Man R (2d) 114, per Mainella J, at para 1
- ↑
R v Garnier, 2017 NSSC 102 (CanLII), per Rosinski J, at paras 18 to 19
- ↑ R v Parsons, 1997 CanLII 14679 (NL CA), 497 APR 145, per Green JA, at para 21
- ↑ R v Ibrahim, 2015 MBCA 62 (CanLII), 327 CCC (3d) 86, per Cameron JA, at para 43
- ↑
Parsons, supra, at para 21
R v Le, 2006 MBCA 68 (CanLII), 240 CCC (3d) 130, per Hamilton JA - ↑ Ibrahim, supra, at paras 49to 52
- ↑ Wright, ibid.
Refusal to Cancel Prior Release
524
[omitted (1), (2), (3) and (4)]
- Release order
(5) If the judge or justice does not order that the accused be detained in custody under subsection (4) [breach allegations – remand after cancellation], the judge or justice shall make a release order referred to in section 515 [judicial interim release provisions].
- Reasons
(6) If the judge or justice makes a release order under subsection (5) [breach allegations – release after showing cause], the judge or justice shall include in the record a statement of the reasons for making the order, and subsection 515(9) [sufficiency of record] applies with any modifications that the circumstances require.
- Release
(7) If the judge or justice does not cancel the summons, appearance notice, undertaking or release order under subsection (3) [breach allegations – cancellation of prior order], the judge or justice shall order that the accused be released from custody.
[omitted (8), (9) and (10)]
R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 524; 1999, c. 3, s. 33; 2019, c. 25, s. 234.
[annotation(s) added]
Reviewing Order
524
[omitted (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7) and (8)]
- Review — order by judge
(9) An order made under subsection (4) [breach allegations – remand after cancellation] or (5) [breach allegations – release after showing cause] respecting an accused referred to in paragraph (1)(a) [power of justice to hear breach allegations – where released on 469 offence] is not subject to review except as provided in section 680 [review by court of appeal].
- Review — order of justice
(10) An order made under subsection (4) [breach allegations – remand after cancellation] or (5) [breach allegations – release after showing cause] respecting an accused other than the accused referred to in paragraph (1)(a) [power of justice to hear breach allegations – where released on 469 offence], is subject to review under sections 520 [accused-requested bail review] and 521 [crown-requested bail review] as if the order were made under section 515 [judicial interim release provisions].
R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 524; 1999, c. 3, s. 33; 2019, c. 25, s. 234.
[annotation(s) added]