List of Mandatory Minimum Challenges
This page was last substantively updated or reviewed July 2021. (Rev. # 95297) |
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Certain mandatory minimums have been assessed on the basis of cruel and unusual punishments:
Offence | Section | Min Penalty | Finding | Cases |
---|---|---|---|---|
Using firearm while committing an offence | 85(3)(a) | 1 year | ![]() |
R v Stephenson, 2019 ABCA 453 (CanLII), 382 CCC (3d) 285, per curiam R v Superales, 2019 ONCA 792 (CanLII), [2019] OJ No 5008, per curiam |
Possession of a restricted or prohibited firearm | 95(2)(a)(ii) | 5 years | ![]() |
R v Nur, 2015 SCC 15 (CanLII), [2015] 1 SCR 773, per McLachlin CJ (on hypothetical) R v Charles, 2013 ONCA 681 (CanLII), 303 CCC (3d) 352, per Cronk JA (on hypothetical) |
Possession of weapon obtained by crime | 96(2) | 1 year | ![]() |
R v Robertson, 2020 BCCA 65 (CanLII), per Frankel JA (on hypothetical) |
firearms trafficking | 99(2) | 3 years | ![]() |
R v Trepanier, 2016 NBPC 2 (CanLII), per Jackson J (on facts and hypothetical) |
Possession for the purpose of trafficking | 100(3) | 1 year | Unconstitutional | R v Ayotte c R, 2019 QCCA 1241 (CanLII), per Gagnon JA |
making automatic firearm | 102(2)(a) | 1 year | ![]() |
R v Montague, 2010 ONCA 141 (CanLII), 73 CR (6th) 359 |
importation of weapons | 103(2)(a) | 3 years | ![]() |
R v Lefrancois, 2018 QCCA 1793 (CanLII), EXP 2905 |
Sexual Interference (prior to 2015) | 151(a) | 45 days | ![]() |
R v Lonegren, 2010 BCSC 960 (CanLII), 260 CCC (3d) 367, per Barrow J R v Craig, 2013 BCSC 2098 (CanLII), [2013] BCJ No 2518, per Bracken J |
Sexual Interference (prior to 2015) | 151(a) | 45 days | ![]() |
R v BJT, 2019 ONCA 694 (CanLII), per Feldman JA (on hypothetical) |
Sexual Interference | 151(a) | 1 year | ![]() |
R v CBA, 2021 BCSC 2107 (CanLII) (working hyperlinks pending) |
Sexual Interference (after 2015) | ||||
Invitation to sexual touching (I) | 152(a) | 1 year | ![]() |
R v EMQ, 2015 BCSC 201 (CanLII), 329 CRR (2d) 29, per Pearlman J |
Invitation to sexual touching (I) | 152(a) | 1 year | ![]() |
R v Scofield, 2019 BCCA 3 (CanLII), 52 CR (7th) 379, per Harris J (on hypothetical) R v Ford, 2019 ABCA 87 (CanLII), 371 CCC (3d) 250, per Martin JA (on hypothetical) |
Invitation to sexual touching (S) | 152(b) | 90 days | ![]() |
R v CBA, 2020 BCPC 111 (CanLII), per Frame J |
Invitation to sexual touching (S) | 152(b) | 90 days | ![]() |
R v CGJ, 2020 BCPC 26 (CanLII), per McCarthy J (on facts and hypothetical) |
Making of child pornography | 163.1(2) | 1 year | ![]() |
R v Esposito, 2020 ABQB 165 (CanLII), per Gates J, at para 170 (on facts and hypothetical) R v Joseph, 2020 ONCA 733 (CanLII), 153 OR (3d) 145, per curiam (on hypothetical) |
Distribution of child pornography | 163.1(3) | 1 year | ![]() |
R v Schultz, 2008 ABQB 679 (CanLII), 239 CCC (3d) 535, per Topolniski J R v Watts, 2016 ABPC 57 (CanLII), per FK Macdonald J |
Distribution of child pornography | 163.1(3) | 1 year | ![]() |
R v Mollon, 2019 BCSC 423 (CanLII), per Crossin J (on hypothetical) |
Possession of child pornography (S) (prior to 2015) | 163.1(4)(b) | 45 days | ![]() |
R v Walker, 2017 BCSC 1301 (CanLII), 386 CRR (2d) 222, per Brown J |
Possession of child pornography (I) (prior to 2015) | 163.1(4)(b) | 6 months | ![]() |
R v Alexander, 2019 BCCA 100 (CanLII), per MacKenzie JA (on hypothetical) |
Possession of child pornography (S) | 163.1(4)(b) | 6 months | ![]() |
R v Leroux, 2021 QCCQ 202 (CanLII), per Cote J R v Redekopp, 2020 BCPC 29 (CanLII), per Morgan J |
Possession of child pornography (S) | 163.1(4)(b) | 6 months | ![]() |
R v Nepon, 2020 MBPC 48 (CanLII), per Devine J (on facts) |
Possession of child pornography (I) | 163.1(4) | 1 year | ![]() |
R v Walker, 2021 ONSC 837 (CanLII), per Bryne J R v Hamlin, 2019 BCSC 2266 (CanLII), per Winteringham J |
Accessing child pornography (S) | 163.1(4.1) | 6 months | ![]() |
R v Cvitko, 2021 ABPC 52 (CanLII), per Saccomani J |
Accessing child pornography (S) | 163.1(4.1) | 6 months | ![]() |
R v Doucette, 2021 ONSC 371 (CanLII), per Schreck J (on hypothetical) R v Quested, 2019 BCPC 95 (CanLII), per Higinbotham J (on facts) |
Accessing child pornography (I) | 163.1(4.1) | 1 year | ![]() |
R v Walker, 2021 ONSC 837 (CanLII), per Bryne J R v Hamlin, 2019 BCSC 2266 (CanLII), per Winteringham J |
Householder permitting sexual activity under 18 | 171 | ![]() |
R v Johnson, 2019 ONCJ 224 (CanLII), per Konyer J | |
Making sexually explicit materials available | 171.1(2)(a) | ![]() |
R v Allen, 2018 ONSC 252 (CanLII), per DiTomaso J | |
Making sexually explicit materials available | 171.1(2)(a) | ![]() |
R v Koenig, 2019 BCPC 83 (CanLII), per Skilnik J | |
Making Sexually Explicit Materials Available to Child | 171.1(2)(b) | ![]() |
R v Clarke, 2018 CanLII 116038 (NL PC), per Gorman J | |
Making Sexually Explicit Materials Available to Child | 171.1(2)(b) | ![]() |
R v Demers, 2020 QCCQ 2656 (CanLII), per Magnan J | |
Luring a child | 172.1(2)(a) | 1 year | ![]() |
R v CDR, 2020 ONSC 645 (CanLII), per De Sa J (on facts) R v Melrose, 2021 ABQB 73 (CanLII), per Renke J |
Agreeing to or arranging sexual offence against child | 172.2(2)(a) | 1 year | ![]() |
R v CDR, 2020 ONSC 645 (CanLII), per De Sa J (on facts) |
Criminal negligence causing death (firearm) | 220(a) | 4 years | ![]() |
R v Morrisey, 2000 SCC 39 (CanLII), [2000] 2 SCR 90 R v Dockrill, 2016 NSSC 56 (CanLII), per Arnold J |
First degree murder | 235 | R v Elton, 2014 BCSC 693 (CanLII), 11 CR (7th) 382, per Truscott J | ||
Second degree murder | 235 | R v Newborn, 2020 ABCA 120 (CanLII), 390 CCC (3d) 86, per curiam | ||
Second degree murder, with prior murder conviction | 237 | Life with 25 year parole ineligibility | ![]() |
R v Falkner, 2004 BCSC 986 (CanLII), 188 CCC (3d) 406 |
Manslaughter (with firearm) | 236(a) | 4 years | ![]() |
R v Penner, 2017 BCSC 1688 (CanLII), per Pearlman J R v Lacroix, 2016 QCCQ 402 (CanLII), per Palletier J |
Manslaughter (with firearm) | 236(a) | 4 years | ![]() |
R v Penner, 2022 BCSC 175(complete citation pending) |
Attempted murder | 239(1)(a)(i) | 4 years | ![]() |
R v Forcillo, 2018 ONCA 402 (CanLII), 361 CCC (3d) 161, per curiam |
Attempted murder | 239(1)(a.1) | 4 years | ![]() |
R v Ziegler, 2017 ABQB 411 (CanLII), per Renke J |
recklessly discharging a firearm (with a prohibited firearm or for a crim org) (without priors) | 244.2(3)(a)(i) | 5 years | ![]() |
R v Abdullahi, 2014 ONSC 272 (CanLII), OJ No 701, per McWatt J |
(with a prohibited firearm or for a crim org) (with priors) | 244.2(3)(a)(ii) | 7 years | ![]() |
R v Mohamed, 2016 ONCJ 492 (CanLII), per Wadden J |
recklessly discharging a firearm (other than prohibited firearm or crim org) | 244.2(3)(b) | 4 years | ![]() |
R v Itturiligaq, 2020 NUCA 6 (CanLII) R v Ookowt, 2020 NUCA 5 (CanLII), 392 CCC (3d) 200, per Schutz JA R v Nungusuituq, 2019 NUCJ 6 (CanLII) per Charlesworth J |
impaired driving | 255(1) | fine | ![]() |
R v Luke, 2021 ONSC 3550 (CanLII), per Woodley J R v Sabattis, 2020 ONCJ 242 (CanLII), per Henschel J |
Sexual Assault CBH / Weapon (Under 16) | 272(2)(a.2) | 5 years | ![]() |
R v Trottier, 2020 QCCA 703 (CanLII), per curiam |
trafficking in persons – no aggravated factors | 279.01(1)(b) | 4 years | ![]() |
R v Antoine, 2020 ONSC 181 (CanLII), per Lemay J R v Jean, 2020 ONSC 624 (CanLII), per R Smith J |
Trafficking in Persons (Offence) ) [material benefit from trafficking, under 18] | 279.02(2) | 2 years | ![]() |
R v Webber, 2019 NSSC 147 (CanLII), per Brothers J |
Commodification of Sexual Services (Offence) [comm. to obtaining sexual services, under 18] | 286.1(2)(a) | 6 months | ![]() |
R v CDR, 2020 ONSC 645 (CanLII), per De Sa J |
Commodification of Sexual Services (Offence) [material benefit from sexual services, under 18] | 286.2(2) | 2 years | ![]() |
R v Joseph, 2020 ONCA 733 (CanLII), 153 OR (3d) 145, per curiam |
Commodification of Sexual Services (Offence) [procuring into sex serv., under 18] | 286.3(2) | 5 years | ![]() |
R v JG, 2021 ONSC 1095 (CanLII), per Barnes J R v Safieh, 2018 ONSC 4468 (CanLII), 142 OR (3d) 592, per McKelvey J |
impaired driving | 320.14(1) and 320.19(1) | fine | ![]() |
R v Tebay, 2020 NSPC 43 (CanLII), per Sherar J |
320.19(1) | 30 days | ![]() |
R v Jimmy, 2010 BCPC 257 (CanLII) | |
Robbery (Offence) [robbery with non restricted firearm] | 344(1)(a)(i) | 5 years | ![]() |
R v McIntyre, 2019 ONCA 161 (CanLII) R v McIvor, 2018 MBCA 29 (CanLII), 407 CRR (2d) 255, per LeMaister J |
Robbery (Offence) [robbery with non restricted firearm] | 344(1)(a)(i) | 5 years | ![]() |
R v Hilbach, 2020 ABCA 332 (CanLII), per curiam (2:1) (on facts and hypothetical) |
Robbery (Offence) [robbery with restricted firearm or for benefit of criminal organization] | 344(1)(a.1) | 4 years | ![]() |
R v Hailemolokot, 2013 MBQB 285 (CanLII), per Simonsen J |
Robbery (Offence) [robbery with restricted firearm or for benefit of criminal organization] | 344(1)(a.1) | 4 years | ![]() |
R v Hilbach, 2020 ABCA 332 (CanLII), per curiam (2:1) (on facts and hypothetical) |
Robbery (Offence) [robbery with restricted firearm or for benefit of criminal organization] | 344(1)(a.1) | 4 years | ![]() |
R v Hilbach, 2020 ABCA 332 (CanLII), per curiam (2:1) (on facts and hypothetical) |
Extortion (Offence) | 346(1.1)(a.1) | 4 years | ![]() |
R v Villeneuve, 2007 QCCQ 3748 (CanLII), per Lortie J |
Drug Trafficking | 5(3)(a)(i)(D) CDSA | ![]() |
R v Lloyd, 2014 BCCA 224 (CanLII), 12 CR (7th) 190, per Groberman JA upheld 2016 SCC 13 (CanLII), per McLachlin CJ | |
importation of controlled substances (Sch I) | 5(1) NCA | 7 years | ![]() |
R v Smith (Edward Dewey), 1987 CanLII 64 (SCC), [1987] 1 SCR 1045, per Lamer J |
The mandatory minimum of 90 days (summary) and 12 months (indictment) for child luring was upheld as not cruel and unusual.[1]
- ↑ R v Stapley, 2014 ONCJ 184 (CanLII), 307 CRR (2d) 147, per Griffin J