Criminal Law in the Canadian Territories
Application of the Criminal Code to the Territories
- Application to territories
8 (1) The provisions of this Act apply throughout Canada except
- (a) in Yukon, in so far as they are inconsistent with the Yukon Act;
- (b) in the Northwest Territories, in so far as they are inconsistent with the Northwest Territories Act; and
- (c) in Nunavut, in so far as they are inconsistent with the Nunavut Act.
[omitted (2) and (3)]
R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 8; 1993, c. 28, s. 78; 2002, c. 7, s. 138.
Preliminary Inquiry
Section 536.1 parallels the function of s. 536.
- Remand by justice — Nunavut
536.1 (1) If an accused is before a justice of the peace charged with an indictable offence mentioned in section 553 [absolute jurisdiction offences], the justice of the peace shall remand the accused to appear before a judge.
- Election before judge or justice of the peace in Nunavut — 14 years or more of imprisonment
(2) If an accused is before a judge or justice of the peace, charged with an indictable offence that is punishable by 14 years or more of imprisonment, other than an offence mentioned in section 469 [exclusive jurisdiction offences], the judge or justice of the peace shall, after the information has been read to the accused, put the accused to an election in the following words:
- You have the option to elect to be tried by a judge without a jury or to be tried by a court composed of a judge and jury. If you do not elect now, you are deemed to have elected to be tried by a court composed of a judge and jury. If you elect to be tried by a judge without a jury or by a court composed of a judge and jury or if you are deemed to have elected to be tried by a court composed of a judge and jury, you will have a preliminary inquiry only if you or the prosecutor requests one. How do you elect to be tried?
- Election before judge or justice of the peace in Nunavut — other indictable offences
(2.1) If an accused is before a judge or justice of the peace, charged with an indictable offence — other than an offence that is punishable by 14 years or more of imprisonment, an offence listed in section 469 [exclusive jurisdiction offences] that is not punishable by 14 years or more of imprisonment or an offence mentioned in section 553 —, the judge or justice of the peace shall, after the information has been read to the accused, put the accused to an election in the following words:
- You have the option to elect to be tried by a judge without a jury or to be tried by a court composed of a judge and jury. If you do not elect now, you are deemed to have elected to be tried by a court composed of a judge and jury. How do you elect to be tried?
- Request for preliminary inquiry — Nunavut
(3) If an accused referred to in subsection (2) [election before judge or justice of the peace in Nunavut – 14 years or more of imprisonment] elects to be tried by a judge without a jury or by a court composed of a judge and jury or does not elect when put to the election or is deemed under paragraph 565(1)(a) [deemed election where lower judge declined to record] to have elected to be tried by a court composed of a judge and jury or if an accused is charged with an offence listed in section 469 [exclusive jurisdiction offences] that is punishable by 14 years or more of imprisonment, the justice or judge shall, subject to section 577 [direct indictments], on the request of the accused or the prosecutor made at that time or within the period fixed by rules of court made under section 482 [powers of the superior and appellate court to make rules] or 482.1 [powers of the superior and appellate court to make case management rules] or, if there are no such rules, by the judge or justice, hold a preliminary inquiry into the charge.
- Endorsement on the information — accused referred to in subsection (2)
(4) If an accused referred to in subsection (2) [election before judge or justice of the peace in Nunavut – 14 years or more of imprisonment] elects to be tried by a judge without a jury or by a court composed of a judge and jury or does not elect when put to the election or is deemed under paragraph 565(1)(a) [deemed election where lower judge declined to record] to have elected to be tried by a court composed of a judge and jury, the justice or judge shall endorse on the information and, if the accused is in custody, on the warrant of remand, a statement showing
- (a) the nature of the election or deemed election of the accused or that the accused did not elect, as the case may be; and
- (b) whether the accused or the prosecutor has requested that a preliminary inquiry be held.
- Endorsement on the information — other accused charged with an offence punishable by 14 years or more of imprisonment
(4.01) If an accused is before a judge or justice of the peace, charged with an offence listed in section 469 [exclusive jurisdiction offences] that is punishable by 14 years or more of imprisonment, the justice or judge shall endorse on the information and, if the accused is in custody, on the warrant of remand, a statement showing whether the accused or the prosecutor has requested that a preliminary inquiry be held.
- Endorsement on the information — accused referred to in subsection (2.1)
(4.02) If an accused referred to in subsection (2.1) [election before judge or justice of the peace in Nunavut – other indictable offences] elects to be tried by a judge without a jury or by a court composed of a judge and jury or does not elect when put to the election or is deemed under paragraph 565(1)(a) [deemed election where lower judge declined to record] to have elected to be tried by a court composed of a judge and jury, the justice shall endorse on the information and, if the accused is in custody, on the warrant of remand, a statement showing the nature of the election or deemed election of the accused or that the accused did not elect, as the case may be.
- Preliminary inquiry if two or more accused
(4.1) If two or more persons are jointly charged in an information and one or more of them make a request for a preliminary inquiry under subsection (3) [request for preliminary inquiry – Nunavut], a preliminary inquiry must be held with respect to all of them.
- Procedure if accused elects trial by judge — Nunavut
(4.2) If no request for a preliminary inquiry is made under subsection (3) [request for preliminary inquiry – Nunavut],
- (a) if the accused is before a justice of the peace, the justice of the peace shall remand the accused to appear and plead to the charge before a judge; or
- (b) if the accused is before a judge, the judge shall
- (i) if the accused elects to be tried by a judge without a jury, call on the accused to plead to the charge and if the accused does not plead guilty, proceed with the trial or fix a time for the trial, or
- (ii) if the accused elects or is deemed to have elected to be tried by a court composed of a judge and jury, fix a time for the trial.
- Jurisdiction — Nunavut
(5) If a justice of the peace before whom a preliminary inquiry is being or is to be held has not commenced to take evidence, any justice of the peace having jurisdiction in Nunavut has jurisdiction for the purpose of subsection (3) [request for preliminary inquiry – Nunavut].
- Application to Nunavut
(6) This section, and not section 536, applies in respect of criminal proceedings in Nunavut.
1999, c. 3, s. 35; 2002, c. 13, s. 26; 2004, c. 12, s. 10; 2019, c. 25, s. 240.
[annotation(s) added]
- If charge should be prosecuted by indictment — Nunavut
555.1 (1) If in any criminal proceedings under this Part [Pt. XIX – Indictable Offences – Trial Without a Jury (ss. 552 to 572)] an accused is before a judge of the Nunavut Court of Justice and it appears to the judge that for any reason the charge should be prosecuted by indictment, the judge may, at any time before the accused has entered a defence, decide not to adjudicate and shall then inform the accused of the decision.
- Election before justice
(1.1) If the judge has decided not to adjudicate, the judge shall put the accused to an election in the following words:
- You have the option to elect to be tried by a judge without a jury or to be tried by a court composed of a judge and jury. If you do not elect now, you are deemed to have elected to be tried by a court composed of a judge and jury. If you elect to be tried by a judge without a jury or by a court composed of a judge and jury or if you are deemed to have elected to be tried by a court composed of a judge and jury, you will have a preliminary inquiry only if you are entitled to one and you or the prosecutor requests one. How do you elect to be tried?
- Continuing proceedings
(1.2) If the accused is entitled to a preliminary inquiry and they or the prosecutor requests one, the judge shall endorse on the information a record of the nature of the election or deemed election and continue the proceedings as a preliminary inquiry.
- If subject-matter is testamentary instrument or exceeds $5,000 in value — Nunavut
(2) If an accused is before a judge of the Nunavut Court of Justice, charged with an offence prosecuted by indictment mentioned in paragraph 553(a) or subparagraph 553(b)(i) [absolute jurisdiction offences – party to property offences], and, at any time before the judge makes an adjudication, the evidence establishes that the subject matter of the offence is a testamentary instrument or that its value exceeds $5,000, the judge shall put the accused to their election in accordance with subsection 536.1(2.1) [election before judge or justice of the peace in Nunavut – other indictable offences].
- Continuing proceedings — Nunavut
(3) If an accused is put to their election under subsection (1.1) [election address – nunavut] and no preliminary inquiry is requested, or is put to an election under subsection (2) [election address if subject matter is testamentary instr. or exceeding $5,000 – nunavut], and elects to be tried by a judge without a jury or a court composed of a judge and jury or does not elect when put to the election, the judge shall endorse on the information a record of the nature of the election or deemed election and continue with the trial.
- Application to Nunavut
(4) This section, and not section 555 [defence election], applies in respect of criminal proceedings in Nunavut.
1999, c. 3, s. 39; 2002, c. 13, s. 33; 2019, c. 25, s. 253.
[annotation(s) added]
Provincial Court Trial
- Provincial Court Judge’s Jurisdiction with Consent
- Trial by provincial court judge with consent
554
[omitted (1)]
- Nunavut
(2) With respect to criminal proceedings in Nunavut, if an accused is charged in an information with an indictable offence other than an offence that is mentioned in section 469 [exclusive jurisdiction offences] and the offence is not one over which a judge of the Nunavut Court of Justice has absolute jurisdiction under section 553 [absolute jurisdiction offences], a judge of the Nunavut Court of Justice may try the accused if the accused elects to be tried by a judge without a jury.
R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 554; R.S., 1985, c. 27 (1st Supp.), ss. 105, 203; 1999, c. 3, s. 38; 2002, c. 13, s. 31.
[annotation(s) added]
Election
- Proceedings following re-election — Nunavut
562.1 (1) If the accused re-elects under subsection 561.1(1) [right to re-elect with consent – Nunavut] to be tried by a judge without a jury and does not request a preliminary inquiry under subsection 536.1(3) [request for preliminary inquiry – Nunavut], or if the accused re-elects any other mode of trial under subsection 561.1(2) [right to re-elect before trial – Nunavut] but is not entitled to make a request for a preliminary inquiry under subsection 536.1(3) [request for preliminary inquiry – Nunavut], the judge shall proceed with the trial or appoint a time and place for the trial.
- Proceedings following re-election — Nunavut
(2) If the accused re-elects under section 561.1 [right of re-election - Nunavut] before the completion of the preliminary inquiry to be tried by a judge without a jury or by a court composed of a judge and jury, and requests a preliminary inquiry under subsection 536.1(3) [request for preliminary inquiry – Nunavut], the justice of the peace or judge shall proceed with the preliminary inquiry.
- Application to Nunavut
(3) This section, and not section 562, applies in respect of criminal proceedings in Nunavut.
1999, c. 3, s. 44; 2002, c. 13, s. 39; 2019, c. 25, s. 257.
[annotation(s) added]
- Proceedings on re-election to be tried by judge without jury — Nunavut
563.1 (1) If an accused re-elects under section 561.1 [right of re-election - Nunavut] to be tried by a judge without a jury and does not request a preliminary inquiry under subsection 536.1(3) [request for preliminary inquiry – Nunavut] or is not entitled to make such a request under that subsection,
- (a) the accused shall be tried on the information that was before the justice of the peace or judge at the preliminary inquiry, if applicable, subject to any amendments that may be allowed by the judge by whom the accused is tried; and
- (b) the judge before whom the re-election is made shall endorse on the information a record of the re-election.
- Application to Nunavut
(2) This section, and not section 563 [proceedings on re-election to be tried by provincial court judge without jury], applies in respect of criminal proceedings in Nunavut.
1999, c. 3, s. 45; 2002, c. 13, s. 40; 2019, c. 25, s. 259.
[annotation(s) added]
- Right to re-elect with consent — Nunavut
561.1 (1) An accused who has elected or is deemed to have elected a mode of trial may re-elect any other mode of trial at any time with the written consent of the prosecutor.
- Right to re-elect before trial — Nunavut
(2) An accused who has elected or is deemed to have elected a mode of trial but has not requested a preliminary inquiry under subsection 536.1(3) [request for preliminary inquiry – Nunavut] or is not entitled to make such a request under that subsection may, as of right, re-elect to be tried by any other mode of trial at any time up to 60 days before the day first appointed for the trial.
- Right to re-elect at preliminary inquiry — Nunavut
(3) An accused who has elected or is deemed to have elected a mode of trial and has requested a preliminary inquiry under subsection 536.1(3) [request for preliminary inquiry – Nunavut] may, as of right, re-elect to be tried by the other mode of trial at any time before the completion of the preliminary inquiry or before the 60th day after its completion.
- Notice of re-election under subsection (1) or (3) — Nunavut
(4) If an accused wishes to re-elect under subsection (1) [right to re-elect with consent – Nunavut] or (3) [right to re-elect at preliminary inquiry – Nunavut], before the completion of the preliminary inquiry, the accused shall give notice in writing of the wish to re-elect, together with the written consent of the prosecutor, if that consent is required, to the justice of the peace or judge presiding at the preliminary inquiry who shall on receipt of the notice put the accused to a re-election in the manner set out in subsection (9).
- Notice at preliminary inquiry — Nunavut
(5) If at a preliminary inquiry an accused intends to re-elect under subsection (1) [right to re-elect with consent – Nunavut] or (3) [right to re-elect at preliminary inquiry – Nunavut] to be tried by a judge without a jury but does not intend to request a preliminary inquiry under subsection 536.1(3) [request for preliminary inquiry – Nunavut], the presiding justice of the peace shall notify a judge or a clerk of the Nunavut Court of Justice of the accused’s intention to re-elect and send to the judge or clerk any information, appearance notice, undertaking or release order given by or issued to the accused and any evidence taken before a coroner that is in the possession of the justice of the peace.
- Notice when no preliminary inquiry or preliminary inquiry completed — Nunavut
(6) If an accused who has not requested a preliminary inquiry under subsection 536.1(3) [request for preliminary inquiry – Nunavut], who has had one or who was not entitled to make such a request under that subsection intends to re-elect under this section, the accused shall give notice in writing of the intention to re-elect together with the written consent of the prosecutor, if that consent is required, to the judge before whom the accused appeared and pleaded or to a clerk of the Nunavut Court of Justice.
(7) [Repealed, 2002, c. 13, s. 38]
- Time and place for re-election — Nunavut
(8) On receipt of a notice given under any of subsections (4) to (7) [notice requirements – Nunavut] that the accused wishes to re-elect, a judge shall immediately appoint a time and place for the accused to re-elect and shall cause notice of the time and place to be given to the accused and the prosecutor.
- Proceedings on re-election — Nunavut
(9) The accused shall attend or, if in custody, shall be produced at the time and place appointed under subsection (8) [time and place for re-election — Nunavut] and shall be put to a re-election after
- (a) the charge on which the accused has been ordered to stand trial has been read to the accused or, if an indictment has been preferred under section 566 [charges on indictment], 574 [authority to prefer an indictment] or 577 [direct indictments] or is filed with the court before which the indictment is to be preferred under section 577 [direct indictments], the indictment has been read to the accused; or
- (b) the information — in the case of a re-election under subsection (1) or (3), before the completion of the preliminary inquiry, or under subsection (2) — has been read to the accused.
The accused shall be put to their re-election in the following words or in words to the like effect:
- You have given notice of your intention to re-elect the mode of your trial. You now have the option to do so. How do you intend to re-elect?
- Application to Nunavut
(10) This section, and not section 561, applies in respect of criminal proceedings in Nunavut.
1999, c. 3, s. 43; 2002, c. 13, s. 38; 2019, c. 25, s. 255.
[annotation(s) added]
Proceedings
- PART XIX.1 Nunavut Court of Justice
- Nunavut Court of Justice
573 (1) The powers to be exercised and the duties and functions to be performed under this Act by a court of criminal jurisdiction, a summary conviction court, a judge, a provincial court judge, a justice or a justice of the peace may be exercised or performed by a judge of the Nunavut Court of Justice.
- Status when exercising power
(2) A power exercised or a duty or function performed by a judge of the Nunavut Court of Justice under subsection (1) [nunavut court of justice powers same as provincial court] is exercised or performed by that judge as a judge of a superior court.
- Interpretation
(3) Subsection (2) [nunavut court power exercised as superior court] does not authorize a judge of the Nunavut Court of Justice who is presiding at a preliminary inquiry to grant a remedy under section 24 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 573; R.S., 1985, c. 27 (1st Supp.), s. 113; 1999, c. 3, s. 50.
[annotation(s) added]
- Application for review — Nunavut
573.1 (1) An application for review may be made by the Attorney General or the accused, or by any person directly affected by the decision or order, to a judge of the Court of Appeal of Nunavut in respect of a decision or order of a judge of the ; Nunavut Court of Justice
- (a) relating to a warrant or summons;
- (b) relating to the conduct of a preliminary inquiry, including an order under subsection 548(1) [order to stand trial or discharge];
- (c) relating to a subpoena;
- (d) relating to the publication or broadcasting of information or access to the court room for all or part of the proceedings;
- (e) to refuse to quash an information or indictment; or
- (f) relating to the detention, disposal or forfeiture of any thing seized under a warrant or order.
- Limitation
(2) A decision or order may not be reviewed under this section if
- (a) the decision or order is of a kind that could only be made in a province or a territory other than Nunavut by a superior court of criminal jurisdiction or a judge as defined in section 552 [definitions - judges]; or
- (b) another statutory right of review is available.
- Grounds of review
(3) The judge of the Court of Appeal of Nunavut may grant relief under subsection (4) [application for review – Nunavut – powers of judge] only if the judge is satisfied that
- (a) in the case of any decision or order mentioned in subsection (1) [application for review re various orders – Nunavut],
- (i) the judge of the Nunavut Court of Justice failed to observe a principle of natural justice or failed or refused to exercise the judge’s jurisdiction, or
- (ii) the decision or order was made as a result of an irrelevant consideration or for an improper purpose;
- (b) in the case of a decision or order mentioned in paragraph (1)(a) [application for review – Nunavut – warrant or summons], that
- (i) the judge failed to comply with a statutory requirement for the making of the decision or order,
- (ii) the decision or order was made in the absence of any evidence that a statutory requirement for the making of the decision or order was met,
- (iii) the decision or order was made as a result of reckless disregard for the truth, fraud, intentional misrepresentation of material facts or intentional omission to state material facts,
- (iv) the warrant is so vague or lacking in particularity that it authorizes an unreasonable search, or
- (v) the warrant lacks a material term or condition that is required by law;
- (c) in the case of a decision or order mentioned in paragraph (1)(b) [application for review – Nunavut – preliminary inquiry], that the judge of the Nunavut Court of Justice
- (i) failed to follow a mandatory provision of this Act relating to the conduct of a preliminary inquiry,
- (ii) ordered the accused to stand trial when there was no evidence adduced on which a properly instructed jury acting reasonably could convict, or
- (iii) discharged the accused when there was some evidence adduced on which a properly instructed jury acting reasonably could convict;
- (d) in the case of a decision or order mentioned in paragraph (1)(c) [application for review – Nunavut – subpoena] or (d) [application for review – Nunavut – publication orders], that the judge of the Nunavut Court of Justice erred in law;
- (e) in the case of a decision or order mentioned in paragraph (1)(e) [application for review – Nunavut – refusal to quash], that
- (i) the information or indictment failed to give the accused notice of the charge,
- (ii) the judge of the Nunavut Court of Justice did not have jurisdiction to try the offence, or
- (iii) the provision creating the offence alleged to have been committed by the accused is unconstitutional; or
- (f) in the case of a decision or order mentioned in paragraph (1)(f) [application for review – Nunavut – property detention and forfeiture order], that
- (i) the judge failed to comply with a statutory requirement for the making of the decision or order,
- (ii) the decision or order was made in the absence of any evidence that a statutory requirement for the making of the decision or order was met, or
- (iii) the decision or order was made as a result of reckless disregard for the truth, fraud, intentional misrepresentation of material facts or intentional omission to state material facts.
- Powers of judge
(4) On the hearing of the application for review, the judge of the Court of Appeal of Nunavut may do one or more of the following:
- (a) order a judge of the Nunavut Court of Justice to do any act or thing that the judge or any other judge of that court failed or refused to do or has delayed in doing;
- (b) prohibit or restrain a decision, order or proceeding of a judge of the Nunavut Court of Justice;
- (c) declare invalid or unlawful, quash or set aside, in whole or in part, a decision, order or proceeding of a judge of the Nunavut Court of Justice;
- (d) refer back for determination in accordance with any directions that the judge considers to be appropriate, a decision, order or proceeding of a judge of the Nunavut Court of Justice;
- (e) grant any remedy under subsection 24(1) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms;
- (f) refuse to grant any relief if the judge is of the opinion that no substantial wrong or miscarriage of justice has occurred or that the subject-matter of the application should be determined at trial or on appeal; and
- (g) dismiss the application.
- Interim orders
(5) If an application for review is made, a judge of the Court of Appeal of Nunavut may make any interim order that the judge considers appropriate pending the final disposition of the application for review.
- Rules
(6) A person who proposes to make an application for review shall do so in the manner and within the period that may be directed by rules of court, except that a judge of the Court of Appeal of Nunavut may at any time extend any period specified in the rules.
- Appeal
(7) An appeal lies to the Court of Appeal of Nunavut against a decision or order made under subsection (4) [application for review – Nunavut – powers of judge]. The provisions of Part XXI [Pt. XXI – Appeals – Indictable Offences (ss. 673 to 696)] apply, with any modifications that the circumstances require, to the appeal.
1999, c. 3, s. 50.
[annotation(s) added]
- Habeas corpus
573.2 (1) Habeas corpus proceedings may be brought before a judge of the Court of Appeal of Nunavut in respect of an order made or warrant issued by a judge of the Nunavut Court of Justice, except where
- (a) the order or warrant is of a kind that could only be made or issued in a province or a territory other than Nunavut by a superior court of criminal jurisdiction or a judge as defined in section 552; or
- (b) another statutory right of review or appeal is available.
- Exception
(2) Despite subsection (1), habeas corpus proceedings may be brought before a judge of the Court of Appeal of Nunavut with respect to an order or warrant of a judge of the Nunavut Court of Justice if the proceedings are brought to challenge the constitutionality of a person’s detention or confinement.
- Provisions apply
(3) Subsections 784(2) to (6) apply in respect of any proceedings brought under subsection (1) or (2).
1999, c. 3, s. 50.
- Indictment — Nunavut
566.1 (1) The trial of an accused for an indictable offence, other than an indictable offence referred to in section 553 [absolute jurisdiction offences] or an offence in respect of which the accused has elected or re-elected to be tried by a judge without a jury and in respect of which no party has requested a preliminary inquiry under subsection 536.1(3) [request for preliminary inquiry – Nunavut] or was not entitled to make such a request under that subsection, must be on an indictment in writing setting out the offence with which the accused is charged.
- Preferring indictment — Nunavut
(2) If an accused elects under section 536.1 or re-elects under section 561.1 to be tried by a judge without a jury and one of the parties requests a preliminary inquiry under subsection 536.1(3), an indictment in Form 4 may be preferred.
- What counts may be included and who may prefer indictment — Nunavut
(3) Section 574 and subsection 576(1) apply, with any modifications that the circumstances require, to the preferring of an indictment under subsection (2).
- Application to Nunavut
(4) This section, and not section 566, applies in respect of criminal proceedings in Nunavut.
1999, c. 3, s. 47; 2002, c. 13, s. 42; 2019, c. 25, s. 261.
- Mode of trial if two or more accused — Nunavut
567.1 (1) Despite any other provision of this Part [Pt. XIX – Indictable Offences – Trial Without a Jury (ss. 552 to 572)], if two or more persons are jointly charged in an information, unless all of them elect or re-elect or are deemed to have elected the same mode of trial, the justice of the peace or judge may decline to record any election, re-election or deemed election for trial by a judge without a jury.
- Application to Nunavut
(2) This section, and not section 567 [mode of trial where more than one accused], applies in respect of criminal proceedings in Nunavut.
1999, c. 3, s. 48; 2002, c. 13, s. 43.
[annotation(s) added]
Trial
- Attorney General may require trial by jury — Nunavut
569 (1) Even if an accused elects under section 536.1 [right of re-election - Nunavut] or re-elects under section 561.1 [right of re-election - Nunavut] or subsection 565(2) [deemed election on direct indictment] to be tried by a judge without a jury, the Attorney General may require the accused to be tried by a court composed of a judge and jury unless the alleged offence is one that is punishable with imprisonment for five years or less. If the Attorney General so requires, a judge has no jurisdiction to try the accused under this Part [Pt. XIX – Indictable Offences – Trial Without a Jury (ss. 552 to 572)] and a preliminary inquiry must be held if requested under subsection 536.1(3) [request for preliminary inquiry – Nunavut], unless one has already been held or the re-election was made under subsection 565(2) [deemed election on direct indictment].
- Application to Nunavut
(2) This section, and not section 568, applies in respect of criminal proceedings in Nunavut.
R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 569; R.S., 1985, c. 27 (1st Supp.), s. 111; 1999, c. 3, s. 49; 2002, c. 13, s. 44; 2008, c. 18, s. 24.1.
[annotation(s) added]
Appeals
- Appeals to Court of Appeal
- Appeal on question of law
839
[omitted (1)]
- Nunavut
(1.1) An appeal to the Court of Appeal of Nunavut may, with leave of that court or a judge of that court, be taken on any ground that involves a question of law alone, against a decision of a judge of the Court of Appeal of Nunavut acting as an appeal court under subsection 812(2) [when appeal court is Court of Appeal of Nunavut] or 829(2) [meaning of "appeal court" re nunavut].
[omitted (2), (3), (4) and (5)]
R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 839; R.S., 1985, c. 27 (1st Supp.), s. 183; 1999, c. 3, s. 57.
[annotation(s) added]
686
[omitted (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5)]
- New trial under Part XIX — Nunavut
(5.01) If an appeal is taken in respect of proceedings under Part XIX [Pt. XIX – Indictable Offences – Trial Without a Jury (ss. 552 to 572)] and the Court of Appeal of Nunavut orders a new trial under Part XXI [Pt. XXI – Appeals – Indictable Offences (ss. 673 to 696)], the following provisions apply:
- (a) if the accused, in the notice of appeal or notice of application for leave to appeal, requested that the new trial, if ordered, should be held before a court composed of a judge and jury, the new trial shall be held accordingly;
- (b) if the accused, in the notice of appeal or notice of application for leave to appeal, did not request that the new trial, if ordered, should be held before a court composed of a judge and jury, the new trial shall, without further election by the accused, and without a preliminary inquiry, be held before a judge, acting under Part XIX, other than a judge who tried the accused in the first instance, unless the Court of Appeal of Nunavut directs that the new trial be held before the judge who tried the accused in the first instance;
- (c) if the Court of Appeal of Nunavut orders that the new trial shall be held before a court composed of a judge and jury, the new trial shall be commenced by an indictment in writing setting forth the offence in respect of which the new trial was ordered; and
- (d) despite paragraph (a), if the conviction against which the accused appealed was for an indictable offence mentioned in section 553 [absolute jurisdiction offences], the new trial shall be held before a judge acting under Part XIX [Pt. XIX – Indictable Offences – Trial Without a Jury (ss. 552 to 572)], other than the judge who tried the accused in the first instance, unless the Court of Appeal of Nunavut directs that the new trial be held before the judge who tried the accused in the first instance.
[omitted (5.1)]
- Election if new trial a jury trial — Nunavut
(5.2) If a new trial ordered by the Court of Appeal of Nunavut is to be held before a court composed of a judge and jury, the accused may, with the consent of the prosecutor, elect to have the trial heard before a judge without a jury. The election shall be deemed to be a re-election within the meaning of subsection 561.1(1) [right to re-elect with consent – Nunavut], and subsection 561.1(6) [notice when no preliminary inquiry or preliminary inquiry completed — Nunavut] applies, with any modifications that the circumstances require, to the election.
[omitted (6), (7) and (8)]
R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 686; R.S., 1985, c. 27 (1st Supp.), ss. 145, 203; 1991, c. 43, s. 9; 1997, c. 18, s. 98; 1999, c. 3, s. 52, c. 5, s. 26; 2015, c. 3, s. 54(F); 2019, c. 25, s. 282(E).
[annotation(s) added]
Youth Criminal Justice
- Youth election
67
[omitted (1) and (2)]
- Election — Nunavut
(3) In respect of proceedings in Nunavut, the youth justice court shall, before a young person enters a plea, put the young person to his or her election in the words set out in subsection (4) if
- (a) [Repealed, 2012, c. 1, s. 178]
- (b) the Attorney General has given notice under subsection 64(2) of the intention to seek an adult sentence for an offence committed after the young person has attained the age of fourteen years;
- (c) the young person is charged with having committed first or second degree murder within the meaning of section 231 of the Criminal Code before the young person has attained the age of fourteen years; or
- (d) the person to whom section 16 (status of accused uncertain) applies is charged with having, after attaining the age of fourteen years, committed an offence for which an adult would be entitled to an election under section 536.1 of the Criminal Code.
- Wording of election
(4) The youth justice court shall put the young person to his or her election in the following words:
- You have the option to elect to be tried by a judge of the Nunavut Court of Justice alone, acting as a youth justice court without a jury and without a preliminary inquiry; or you may elect to be tried by a judge of the Nunavut Court of Justice, acting as a youth justice court without a jury; or you may elect to be tried by a judge of the Nunavut Court of Justice, acting as a youth justice court with a jury. If you elect to be tried by a judge without a jury or by a judge, acting as a youth justice court, with a jury or if you are deemed to have elected to be tried by a judge, acting as a youth justice court, with a jury, you will have a preliminary inquiry only if you or the prosecutor requests one. How do you elect to be tried?
[omitted (5), (6), (7), (7.1), (7.2), (8) and (9)]
2002, c. 1, s. 67, c. 13, s. 91; 2012, c. 1, s. 178; 2019, c. 13, s. 166.